Figure 7.
Cell membranes from fused cells of cancer cells and dendritic cells (DCs) were coated onto metalorganic framework (MOF) NPs (NP@FM) for antitumor immune therapy. (A) Preparation procedure of NP@FM. (B) Vaccination of NP@FM for cancer prevention. (C) Action mechanisms of NP@FM by directly and indirectly activating T cells to induce immune responses. (D) The expression of CD8 and CD4 (markers for T-cell activation) measured via flow cytometry after the incubation of T cells with the indicated cell membrane vesicles for 48 h. (E) The expression of CD80 and CD86 (markers for DC maturation) after the incubation of DCs with the indicated cell membrane vesicles for 48 h. (F) In vivo fluorescence imaging of mice after subcutaneous injection with the indicated NPs at a series of time points. Adapted with permission from 125, copyright 2019, Nature Communications.