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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Nutr Biochem. 2019 Apr 8;69:108–119. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.018

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

Effects of QCT-induced autophagy on the growth and apoptosis of SMMC7721 cells in vitro. (A) Cells pretreated with HCQ (20 μM) for 2 h were co-incubated with QCT (40 μM) for another 24 h, and the cell viability was measured by the CCK-8 assay. (B, C) Cells were treated with HCQ and QCT as described in panel A, and the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. (B) The proportions of apoptotic cells in different experimental groups and (C) the representative cell distributions in different experimental groups. (D–F) Cells were treated with HCQ and QCT as described in panel A, and the expression levels of bax, bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by Western blot (D) and quantified by densitometry (E, F). The results are expressed as means±S.D. of three independent experiments. Within each panel, the value with a symbol “*” is significantly different from that of the control: *P<.05; **P<.01; ***P<.001. And the value with a symbol “#” is significantly different from that of the QCT group: #P<.05; ##P<.01; ###P<.001.