Table 2.
Frailty in individuals with and without mental disorders
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frailty phenotype | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| No mental disorder | Ref | – | – | Ref | – | – |
| Depression | 1.594 | 1.568 | 1.620 | 1.392 | 1.368 | 1.416 |
| Bipolar disorder | 1.904 | 1.772 | 2.046 | 1.543 | 1.433 | 1.661 |
| Anxiety disorder | 1.503 | 1.471 | 1.536 | 1.352 | 1.322 | 1.384 |
| Frailty index | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | ||
| No mental disorder | Ref | – | – | Ref | – | – |
| Depression | 0.045 | 0.044 | 0.045 | 0.026 | 0.026 | 0.027 |
| Bipolar disorder | 0.060 | 0.058 | 0.063 | 0.036 | 0.034 | 0.038 |
| Anxiety disorder | 0.047 | 0.046 | 0.048 | 0.029 | 0.028 | 0.029 |
OR odds ratio, β ordinary least squares regression beta coefficient, CI confidence interval, Ref reference group. All Bonferroni-adjusted p-values < 0.001. Odds ratios indicate changes in odds of being frailer associated with being in the case group relative to the comparison group without mental disorders. Model 1—unadjusted; Model 2—adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, highest qualification, Townsend deprivation index, cohabitation with spouse/partner, smoking status, alcohol intake frequency, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, cholesterol, multimorbidity count and assessment centre