FIGURE 3.
Forest plots for randomized controlled trials of acute acetate on postprandial blood glucose. Acute interventions with acetate had a main effect of 0.09 (95% CI, −0.26 to 0.44; P = 0.60) on the postintervention postprandial blood glucose iAUC (n = 44). Johnston et al. (31) study 4-oral, in T2D. A random-effects model was used to calculate SMDs (squares), 95% CIs (horizontal lines), and summary effects (SMD; diamond). The study weight (expressed as a percentage) indicates the relative contribution of an individual study to the overall pooled effect size. Between-study heterogeneity was calculated using the I2 statistic. A P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. When interpreting SMDs (or effect sizes) values <0.40 were categorized as having a small effect size, values 0.40 to 0.70 as having a moderate effect size, and values >0.70 as having a large effect size. Abbreviations: iAUC, incremental AUC; IV, intravenous; SMD, standard mean difference; T2D, type 2 diabetes.