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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Behav Med. 2021 Nov 8;29(5):543–552. doi: 10.1007/s12529-021-10039-5

Table 3:

Next-day associations between physical activity and alcohol cravings and affect

Alcohol Cravings Positive Affect Negative Affect

Variable Est. SE p Est. SE p Est. SE p

Intercept 2.042 .461 <.001 3.246 .293 <.001 2.857 .311 <.001
(WS) Steps taken yesterday −0.021 .012 .074 0.005 .008 .523 −0.005 .009 .553
(BS) Steps taken per day −0.040 .058 .492 0.010 .035 .778 −0.035 .037 .344
(WS) Bout of PA yesterday 0.326 .300 .276 0.473 .245 .050 −0.069 .232 .766
(BS) Bouts of PA per day 3.431 2.991 .251 1.806 1.780 .310 2.209 1.875 .239
Time wearing Fitbit yesterday 0.772 .506 .127 −0.501 .361 .165 0.491 .388 .206
Days in Study 0.006 .013 .622 −0.020 .009 .029 .011 .010 .274
Random Effects Est. 95% CI Est. 95% CI Est. 95% CI
(WS) Bout of PA yesterday .0345 0.045 2.632

Note. Est. = estimate. SE = Standard error. PA = physical activity. WS = Within subjects, or level 1. BS = Between subjects, or level 2.

All effects are fixed unless noted otherwise. Predictor variables were lagged behind outcomes by one day. All variables were averaged across each day and nested within person. The bout of physical activity variable is coded 0 = no bouts, 1 = at least 1 bout of physical activity. Day of week (6 dummy coded variables) was added as a covariate but is not listed in tables.