Table 5.
Characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome (N = 107), with and without sensorineural hearing loss.
| Characteristics (number with information available) | Sensorineural hearing loss |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N = 10) | No (N = 97) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Degree of microcephaly | (N = 8) | (N = 80) | |
| Severe (>3 SD below mean for gestational age) | 6 (75.0) | 36 (45.0) | 0.399 * |
| Other (<= SD below mean for gestational age) | 2 (25.0) | 44 (55.0) | |
| Gestational age at birth | (N = 9) | (N = 87) | |
| <37 weeks (preterm) | 1 (11.1) | 11 (12.6) | 1.000 * |
| 37-41 weeks (term) | 8 (88.9) | 75 (86.3) | |
| >=42 weeks (postterm) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.1) | |
| Weight x GA | (N = 9) | (N = 87) | |
| SGA | 2 (22.2) | 13 (14.9) | 0.534 * |
| AGA | 6 (66.7) | 68 (78.2) | |
| LGA | 1 (11.1) | 6 (6.9) | |
| Self-reported rash during pregnancy | (N = 10) | (N = 85) | |
| Yes | 9 (90.0) | 62 (72.9) | 0.443 * |
| No | 1 (10.0) | 23 (27.1) | |
| Timing of rash during pregnancy | (N = 9) | (N = 61) | |
| First trimester | 7 (77.8) | 42 (68.8) | 0.734 * |
| Second trimester | 2 (22.2) | 12 (19.7) | |
| Third trimester | 0 (0.0) | 7 (11.5) | |
| NICU | (N = 7) | (N = 62) | |
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 5 (8.1) | 1.000 * |
| No | 7 (100.0) | 57 (91.9) | |
| Infant sex | (N = 10) | (N = 95) | |
| Female | 2 (20.0) | 50 (52.6) | 0.093 * |
| Male | 8 (80.0) | 45 (47.4) | |
| Infant death | (N = 10) | (N = 95) | |
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.1) | 1.000 * |
| No | 10 (100.0) | 94 (98.9) | |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
| Head circumference at birth (cm) | 28.90 ± 2.77 | 29.12 ± 2.34 | 0.786 ** |
(*) Fisher's Exact Test (**) Student's t Test
Abbreviations: SD = standard deviation; GA = gestational age at birth; SGA = small for gestational age; AGA = appropriate for gestational age; LGA = large for gestational age; NICU = neonatal intensive care unit.