Table 4.
Association between the ACE Score and the rate of prescriptions for the treatment of COPD between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2004: ACE Study
| Multivariable-adjusted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACE Score | Person-time (years) | Number of prescriptions | Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) | Model Aa RR (95% CI) | Model Bb RR (95% CI) |
| 0 | 35,618 | 11,542 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| 1 | 25,295 | 9,414 | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| 2 | 15,206 | 5,379 | 1.3 (1.0–1.5) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) |
| 3 | 8,624 | 3,204 | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) |
| 4 | 5,648 | 2,541 | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) | 1.7 (1.2–2.2) | 1.5 (1.1–1.9) |
| 5 or more | 5,530 | 1,711 | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) |
a
Model A adjusts for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education.
b
Model B adjusts for Model A variables as well as diabetes, obesity, and smoking.
ACE, adverse childhood experiences; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; RR, relative rate.