Figure 8.
Postinjury treatment with NAP (30 mg/kg body weight i.p.) reduced Iba1-positive microglia and GFAP-positive astrocytes at 2 weeks after TBI. (A) Immunofluorescence of Iba1 and GFAP in thalamus. Iba1, a marker for microglia, is shown in green. GFAP, a marker for astrocytes, is shown in red. (B) TBI injury significantly increased the number of microglia in the ipsilateral thalamus, and this increment was reduced in NAP-treated mice. ##, p < 0.01, ipsilateral TBI + saline vs ipsilateral TBI + NAP; ***, p < 0.001 ipsilateral vs contralateral in both groups. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s t-test for multiple comparisons. (C) TBI injury significantly increased the number of astrocytes in the ipsilateral thalamus, and this increment was reduced in NAP-treated mice. Mean ± SEM (n = 3 in TBI + saline group; n = 7 in TBI + NAP group). ***, p < 0.001, ipsilateral sham vs ipsilateral in both TBI + saline and TBI + NAP groups. ##, p < 0.01; ###, p < 0.001, ipsilateral TBI + saline vs ipsilateral TBI + NAP; ***, p < 0.001 ipsilateral vs contralateral in both groups. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni t-test for multiple comparisons. Scale bar, 20 μm.