Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jan 20;24(2):102066. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102066

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2021 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

EA intervention modulates the activity of L5PN apical spines

(A) Schematic diagrams showing experimental timelines in (B–H), similar with those in Figure 2A.

(B) Top, representative apical dendrites (DS) and spines (S1 to S5) under two-photon imaging. Scale bar, 2 μm. Bottom, recording traces of Ca²⁺ activities after normalization (ΔF/F₀). Pink shades indicate high levels of synchronization among spines on the same dendritic branch.

(C and D) Total integrated Ca²⁺ activities of apical spines. (C) Bar chart showing averaged total integrated Ca²⁺ activities (sham CCI: 118.9 ± 3.91, CCI: 250.3 ± 28.09, CCI + EA: 175.8 ± 4.13, CCI + sham EA: 202.1 ± 6.04; Kruskal-Wallis test statistic = 140.5, p < 0.001; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 using Dunn's post-hoc comparison; ns, no significant difference; n = 89, 163, 167, and 151 spines, N = 4, 5, 6, and 4 animals for sham CCI, CCI, CCI + EA, and CCI + sham EA group, respectively). (D) The frequency distribution of total integrated Ca²⁺ activities.

(E and F) Spike numbers per minute of Ca²⁺ transients. (E) Averaged Ca²⁺ spike frequency (sham CCI: 1.38 ± 0.07, CCI: 2.71 ± 0.12, CCI + EA: 1.59 ± 0.05, CCI + sham EA: 3.13 ± 0.16; Kruskal-Wallis test statistic = 131.0, p < 0.001; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 using Dunn's post-hoc comparison; ns, no significant difference; n = 82, 161, 158, and 116 spines, N = 4, 5, 6, and 4 animals for sham CCI, CCI, CCI + EA, and CCI + sham EA group, respectively). (F) The frequency distribution of Ca²⁺ spike frequency.

(G and H) Peak values of Ca²⁺ spikes. (G) Averaged Ca²⁺ peak values (sham CCI: 216.1 ± 15.01, CCI: 336.4 ± 14.52, CCI + EA: 312.1 ± 14.52 CCI + sham EA: 263.9 ± 11.19; Kruskal-Wallis test statistic = 46.66, p < 0.001; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 using Dunn's post-hoc comparison; ns, no significant difference; n = 100, 201, 192, and 138 spines, N = 4, 5, 6, and 4 animals for sham CCI, CCI, CCI + EA, and CCI + sham EA group, respectively). (H) Histogram showing the frequency distribution of Ca²⁺ peak values. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.