Table 4.
Association of race (Black versus White) and sex (men versus women) with sulfonylurea prescription (negative control outcome) across eGFR levels among patients with diabetes in Johns Hopkins Medicine
| Statistics | eGFR Category, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR≥90 | eGFR of 60–89 | eGFR of 45–59 | eGFR of 30–44 | |||||
| Black | White | Black | White | Black | White | Black | White | |
| Association of race with sulfonylurea prescription | ||||||||
| Sulfonylurea prescription, % | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=11,385 | 29.7 | 34.4 | 31.0 | 33.3 | 31.3 | 36.8 | 35.6 | 40.9 |
| After the FDA label change, n=11,140 | 31.2 | 33.1 | 29.0 | 32.5 | 30.7 | 37.2 | 34.5 | 38.0 |
| Adjusted PR (95% CI), Black versus Whitea | ||||||||
| Complete case analysis | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=6913 | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.06) | 1.00 (0.90 to 1.12) | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.08) | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.23) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=6705 | 1.00 (0.89 to 1.12) | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.08) | 0.92 (0.77 to 1.09) | 1.06 (0.86 to 1.30) | ||||
| Analysis with MICE | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=11,385 | 0.93 (0.83 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.10) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.08) | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=11,140 | 1.02 (0.91 to 1.14) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.10) | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.09) | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.27) | ||||
| Analysis with average serum creatinine values | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=6913 | 0.94 (0.83 to 1.05) | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.13) | 0.90 (0.76 to 1.07) | 1.06 (0.87 to 1.29) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=6705 | 1.03 (0.91 to 1.15) | 0.92 (0.82 to 1.04) | 0.95 (0.80 to 1.13) | 1.12 (0.91 to 1.38) | ||||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Association of sex with sulfonylurea prescription | ||||||||
| Sulfonylurea prescription, % | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=11,385 | 34.3 | 30.0 | 36.0 | 28.7 | 40.3 | 30.0 | 42.4 | 36.1 |
| After the FDA label change, n=11,140 | 34.6 | 30.1 | 35.8 | 26.3 | 40.7 | 29.1 | 41.9 | 32.7 |
| Adjusted PR (95% CI), men versus womena | ||||||||
| Complete case analysis | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=6913 | 1.18 (1.05 to 1.32) | 1.25 (1.13 to 1.39) | 1.32 (1.12 to 1.56) | 1.09 (0.89 to 1.33) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=6705 | 1.13 (1.01 to 1.27) | 1.26 (1.13 to 1.41) | 1.34 (1.13 to 1.59) | 1.21 (0.99 to 1.47) | ||||
| Analysis with MICE | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=11,385 | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.27) | 1.22 (1.10 to 1.35) | 1.29 (1.09 to 1.52) | 1.10 (0.88 to 1.34) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=11,140 | 1.11 (0.99 to 1.24) | 1.33 (1.20 to 1.48) | 1.28 (1.07 to 1.52) | 1.19 (0.96 to 1.47) | ||||
| Analysis with average serum creatinine values | ||||||||
| Before the FDA label change, n=6913 | 1.19 (1.06 to 1.33) | 1.26 (1.13 to 1.40) | 1.24 (1.06 to 1.46) | 1.14 (0.94 to 1.39) | ||||
| After the FDA label change, n=6705 | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.19) | 1.20 (1.09 to 1.33) | 1.20 (1.05 to 1.38) | 1.13 (0.95 to 1.35) | ||||
MICE, multiple imputation by chained equations.
a
Adjusted for age, sex (for association with race), race (for association with sex), eGFR, HbA1c, BMI, history of comorbidities (i.e., hypertension, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, liver disease, acidosis, hypoglycemia, and AKI), insulin use, metformin use, and other glucose-lowering agent use.