. 2008 Apr 18;13(2):191–207. doi: 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2008.00219.x

Table 1.

BRS Values in Normal Subjects

Authors	Subjects	Phenylephrine Method (see Ref. 11 )	Transfer Function Method (see Ref. 14 )	Alpha Coefficient (LF) (see Ref. 52 )	Alpha Coefficient (HF) (see Ref. 52 )	Sequence Method (see Ref. 50 )	Valsalva maneuver‐ Ref. 39 )
Eckberg DL et al. ¹³	12	16.0 ± 1.8 ¥
	Age: 31 years (no SD available)
Robbe HWJ et al. ¹⁴	8 subjects	18.1 ± 8.9	16.2 ± 7.3
	Age: 22–28 years^†
Laitinen T et al. ¹⁵	117 subjects
	Age: 23–39 years^†	19.5 ± 1.4 ¥
	Age: 40–59 years^†	10.7 ± 1.2 ¥
	Age: 60–77 years^†	6.0 ± 0.6 ¥
Davies LC et al. ¹⁶	18 subjects	19.8 ± 11.5		15.4 ± 5.0	25.1 ± 8.3	22.5 ± 8.4
	Age: 32 ± 13 years (20–69)^†
Pinna GD et al. ¹⁷	19 subjects	12.8 (11.5–15.7)^‡	7.4 (5.8–10.8)^‡*
	Age: 45 ± 4 years
Raczak G et al. ¹⁸	18 subjects	16 ± 8.8
	Age: 20 ± 2 years
Huikuri et al. ⁴⁴	374 subjects
	188 men, age: 50 ± 6 years, 186 women, age: 50 ± 6 years						10.5 ± 4.6
							8 ± 4.6
Parati G et al. ⁵⁰	10 subjects					7.6 ± 2 (up)
	Age: 42 ± 4 years					6.4 ± 1.5 (down)
Tank J et al. ⁵⁹	36 subjects			7 ± 4	11 ± 7	8 ± 5 ^(b)
	Age: 50–59 years^†					10 ± 6 ^(c)
Kardos A et al. ⁶⁰	1134 subjects
	Age: 18–29 years^†					13.7 (12.7; 14.7)§ (up)
						13.9 (12.9; 14.7)§ (down)
	Age: 30–39 years^†					9.8 (9.1; 10.4)§ (up)
						10.8 (10.2; 11.6)§ (down)
	Age: 40–49 years^†					7.1 (6.8; 7.5)§ (up)
						8.2 (7.8; 8.6)§ (down)
	Age: 50–60 years^†					6.2 (5.6; 6.7)§ (up)
						7.0 (6.4; 7.6)§ (down)
Melenovsky V et al. ⁶¹	111 subjects		21.5 ± 10.7^(a)
	Age: 39 ± 10 years
Gerritsen J et al. ⁶²	191 subjects		6.2 (5.6; 6.8)§	6.6 (6.0; 7.3)§	8.6 (7.7; 9.6)§
	Age: 63 ± 7 years		8.5 (7.9; 9.2)^§(a)
Okazaki K et al. ⁶³	10 subjects		5.2 ± 3.3*
	Age: 71 ± 3 years		4.6 ± 2.2*^(b)
Lucini D et al. ⁶⁴	132 subjects			23 ± 2
	Age: 42 ± 1 yr
Pinna GD et al. ⁶⁵	31 subjects		5.4 (3.9–6.8)^‡*
	Age: 53 (46–62)^‡ (40–69)^†		4.5 (3.6–7.2)^{‡* (c)}

Data are expressed as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. BRS measurements are given as ms/mmHg.

^†Range.

¥Mean ± S.E.M.

^‡Median (lower quartile – upper quartile).

§Geometric mean (95% confidence interval).

*Modified transfer function method (mean transfer function modulus in the overall LF band, see ref. 17).

^aPaced breathing at 6 breaths/min.

^bPaced breathing at 12 breaths/min.

^cPaced breathing at 15 breaths/min.

up = BRS slope calculated from progressively increasing systolic blood pressure sequences; down = BRS slope calculated from progressively decreasing systolic blood pressure sequences.