Table I.
Summary of 64 studies included in the meta‐analysis
| Source | No. of patients | No. of controls | Included brain volumes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Almeida et al. [2003] | 51 | 37 | TB, PFC |
| Ashtari et al. [1999] | 40 | 46 | TB, Hip |
| Axelson et al. [1993] | 19 | 30 | TB, Hip |
| Ballmaier et al. [2004c] | 24 | 19 | IC, TB, OFC, ACC |
| Ballmaier et al. [2007] | 14 | 10 | Hip |
| Botteron et al. [2002] | 30 | 8 | TB, ACC |
| Brambilla et al. [2002] | 18 | 38 | ACC |
| Bremner et al. [2000] | 16 | 16 | IC, PFC, Hip, Amyg, Caud |
| Bremner et al. [2002] | 15 | 20 | TB, OFC, ACC |
| Caetano et al. [2001] | 17 | 39 | Thal |
| Caetano et al. [2004] | 31 | 31 | IC, Temp, Hip, Amyg |
| Caetano et al. [2006] | 31 | 31 | ACC |
| Colla et al. [2007] | 24 | 14 | IC, Hip |
| Coryell et al. [2005] | 10 | 10 | ACC |
| Drevets et al. [1997] | 17 | 21 | ACC |
| Dupont et al. [1995] | 30 | 26 | Caud |
| Frodl et al. [2002b] | 30 | 30 | IC, TB, Hip |
| Frodl et al. [2002a] | 30 | 30 | Amyg |
| Frodl et al. [2003]a | 27 | 27 | Amyg |
| Frodl et al. [2006] | 34 | 34 | IC, PFC, Hip |
| Hannestad et al. [2006] | 182 | 64 | Caud |
| Hastings et al. [2004] | 18 | 18 | ACC, Amyg |
| Hickie et al. [2005] | 66 | 20 | IC, Hip |
| Hickie et al. [2007] | 45 | 16 | Amyg, Caud |
| Husain et al. [1991] | 44 | 44 | TB, Puta |
| Janssen et al. [2004] | 28 | 41 | IC, TB, OFC, Hip |
| Krishnan et al. [1992] | 50 | 50 | TB, Caud |
| Krishnan [1993] | 25 | 20 | TB, Thal, Puta, Caud |
| Kumar et al. [1998] | 53 | 30 | IC, TB, PFC, Temp |
| Lacerda et al. [2003] | 25 | 48 | Puta, Caud |
| Lacerda et al. [2004] | 31 | 34 | OFC |
| Lange and Irle [2004] | 17 | 17 | TB, Hip, Amyg |
| Lavretsky et al. [2004] | 41 | 41 | IC, PFC, OFC |
| Lee et al. [2003]b | 41 | 41 | IC, OFC |
| Lenze and Sheline [1999] | 24 | 24 | Puta, Caud |
| Lloyd et al. [2004] | 51 | 39 | Hip |
| MacQueen et al. [2003] | 37 | 37 | Hip |
| Maller et al. [2007] | 45 | 30 | Hip |
| Mervaala et al. [2000] | 34 | 17 | Hip, Amyg |
| Monkul et al. [2007] | 17 | 17 | OFC, ACC, Hip, Amyg |
| Naismith et al. [2002] | 47 | 20 | Caud |
| Neumeister et al. [2005] | 31 | 57 | Hip |
| O'Brien et al. [2004] | 61 | 40 | TB, Hip |
| Pantel et al. [1997] | 19 | 13 | IC, TB, PFC, Temp |
| Parashos et al. [1998] | 32 | 32 | TB, PFC, OFC, Thal, Puta, Caud |
| Pillay et al. [1997] | 38 | 20 | TB |
| Pillay et al. [1998] | 38 | 20 | Caud |
| Posener et al. [2003] | 27 | 42 | TB, Hip |
| Rusch et al. [2001] | 25 | 15 | Hip |
| Salokangas et al. [2002] | 37 | 19 | PFC, Temp |
| Saylam et al. [2006] | 24 | 24 | IC, Hip |
| Sheline et al. [1996] | 10 | 10 | TB, Hip |
| Sheline et al. [1998] | 20 | 20 | TB, Amyg |
| Sheline et al. [2003] | 38 | 38 | Hip |
| Steffens et al. [2000] | 66 | 18 | Hip |
| Steffens et al. [2003]b | 30 | 40 | TB, OFC |
| Taylor et al. [2005] | 135 | 83 | Hip |
| Taylor et al. [2007] | 226 | 144 | OFC |
| Vakili et al. [2000] | 38 | 20 | Hip |
| Velakoulis et al. [2006] | 19 | 87 | Hip, Amyg |
| von Gunten et al. [2000] | 14 | 14 | Hip, Amyg |
| Vythilingam et al. [2002] | 32 | 14 | Hip |
| Vythilingam et al. [2004] | 38 | 33 | Hip |
| Weniger et al. [2006] | 21 | 23 | IC, TB, Hip, Amyg |
IC, intracranial; TB, total brain; PFC, prefrontal cortex; ACC, anterior cingulate; Temp, temporal cortex; ofc, orbitofrontal cortex; Hip, hippocampus; Amyg, amygdala; Puta, putamen; Caud, caudate nucleus; Thal, thalamus.
a
Only patients with recurrent MDD and their matched healthy controls were selected from this study, data regarding the first episode patients was not included.
b
OFC volumes were excluded in the analyses due to overlapping samples with Taylor et al [2007].