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. 2019 Sep 23;216(11):2453–2465. doi: 10.1084/jem.20190545

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© 2019 Orning et al.

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Figure 1. — Different paths to pyroptosis. Caspase-1, caspase-8, and caspase-11 all process GSDMD and lead to pyroptosis. Caspase-1 is activated downstream of inflammasomes such as the NLRP3 inflammasome triggered by potassium efflux. Caspase-11 is activated by intracellular LPS from Gram-negative bacteria or by oxPAPCs. Caspase-8 is activated during extrinsic apoptosis, for instance during TAK1 or IκB kinase complex (IKK) inhibition or under certain conditions of intrinsic apoptosis.