Table 1.
Regions of interest defined by the brain activations during the delay discounting task
| Regions | Brodmann area | Volume (mm3) | xa | y | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valuation processb | |||||
| Money | |||||
| R vmPFC | 24 | 184 | 4.9 | 32.5 | 13.7 |
| R Striatum | 400 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 8.8 | |
| R PCC | 23/31 | 504 | 10.1 | −54.3 | 10.3 |
| R Hip | 248 | 28.4 | −36.0 | −1.4 | |
| 184 | 32.4 | −18.3 | −11.0 | ||
| L paraHip | 30/30 | 528 | −17.2 | −36.5 | 1.0 |
| R paraHip | 272 | 16.6 | −40.7 | −1.3 | |
| Time | |||||
| L dmPFC | 8 | 808 | −3.3 | 30.5 | 40.3 |
| L vmPFC | 24 | 248 | −2.8 | 33.3 | 9.4 |
| R vmPFC | 24 | 240 | 3.2 | 31.2 | 1.3 |
| L SFG | 6/8 | 1104 | −20.3 | 15.4 | 48.4 |
| L dlPFC | 9/46 | 832 | −35.7 | 8.0 | 42.1 |
| L IFG | 44 | 1032 | −48.5 | 11.7 | 22.9 |
| L aPFC | 10 | 1576 | −34.8 | 43.0 | 7.9 |
| L IPL | 7/39 | 2384 | −45.2 | −55.0 | 37.8 |
| Choice processb | |||||
| dACC | 24/32 | 7816 | 1.3 | 20.6 | 34.6 |
| L AIC | 13 | 2192 | −30.5 | 17.7 | 2.5 |
| R AIC | 13 | 2648 | 33.8 | 16.4 | 1.6 |
| R SFG | 8 | 2000 | 22.6 | 13.3 | 50.0 |
| R MFGc | 8 | 1208 | 36.9 | 4.8 | 49.4 |
| L dlPFCc | 9/46 | 1808 | −41.6 | 21.3 | 32.1 |
| R dlPFCc | 9/46 | 3336 | 40.6 | 26.8 | 28.8 |
| L IFGc | 6/44 | 1240 | −43.5 | 5.8 | 30.7 |
| R IFG | 6/44 | 920 | 46.2 | 4.4 | 23.7 |
| L aPFC | 10 | 3288 | −32.3 | 47.8 | 8.1 |
| R aPFC | 10 | 4712 | 30.0 | 51.4 | 7.7 |
| L IPL | 7/39 | 5064 | −35.3 | −57.7 | 40.1 |
| R IPL | 7/39 | 7896 | 38.4 | −61.1 | 38.3 |
L, Left; R, right; Hip, hippocampus; paraHip, parahippocampus; MFG, middle frontal gyrus.
a Coordinates in Talairach space (x, left to right; y, posterior to anterior; z, inferior to superior).
b Regions of the valuation process: positive correlation with money magnitude; negative correlation with time delay; threshold at uncorrected p < 0.005, cluster size 160 mm3. Regions of the choice process: larger activation in hard trials than in easy trials; threshold at uncorrected p < 0.005, cluster size 424 mm3, corrected p < 0.05.
c Segmented regions.