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. 2019 Mar 14;9:4468. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41100-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Expression of fibrosis-related genes in diabetic nephropathy. (A) Heatmap displaying hierarchical clustering of the entire dataset of expressed genes in the different experimental groups: healthy, STZ-diabetic mice (CTL), HLSC EV, MSC EV and FIBRO EV-treated mice. Clustering analysis showed that some groups of genes altered in DN were restored to healthy levels via treatment with one of either HLSC or MSC EVs, whereas others were restored by both stem cell EV sources (n = 3 for each experimental condition). (B and C) List of genes altered in DN and reverted by HLSC EVs (B) and by MSC EVs (C). The expression levels of reverted genes was also shown for FIBRO EV group (FIBRO EV column). Data are represented as fold change of STZ-diabetic mice with respect to healthy (CTL column) and CTL mice are compared with EV-treated mice (HLSC EV, MSC EV and FIBRO EV columns). Complete data are provided as a Supplementary Table 1.