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. 2017 Jun 12;20(10):797–812. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx050

Table 1.

Addictive Drug-Induced Glutamate Transporter Adaptations

Brain Region Effect on Expression and Species Treatment Protocol
Ethanol
EAAT1/
GLAST 		NAc core ⇔ Melendez et al., 2005 Rats 1 g/kg i.p. x 7 days
PFC ⇑ mRNA Flatscher-Bader and Wilce, 2008 humans, postmortem Alcoholics
PFC ⇑ mRNA Rimondini et al., 2002 Rats Chronic intermittent ethanol vapor
PFC/NAc ⇔ Hakami et al., 2016 P rats Two-bottle choice
VTA/NAc shell ⇓ Ding et al., 2013 *Female
P rats		 Two-bottle choice
Cannabinoids
Hippocampus ⇓ Castaldo et al., 2010 Rat Perinatal THC
Cerebellum ⇓ Suarez et al., 2004 Rat Perinatal THC
EAAT2/
GLT-1 		Cocaine
NAc core ⇓ Knackstedt et al., 2010 Rat Short access SA and extinction
NAc core ⇓ Trantham-Davidson et al., 2012 Rat Short access SA and extinction
NAc core ⇓ Reissner et al., 2015 Rat Short access SA and extinction
NAc core/shell ⇓/⇔Fischer-Smith et al., 2012 Rat Short access SA and acute withdrawal
NAc core/shell ⇓⇓/⇓ Fischer-Smith et al., 2012 Rat Short access SA and long withdrawal
NAc core/shell ⇓⇓⇓/⇓⇓ Fischer-Smith et al., 2012 Rat Long access SA and acute withdrawal
NAc core/shell ⇓⇓⇓⇓/⇓⇓ Fischer-Smith et al., 2012 Rat Long access SA and long withdrawal
NAc core mRNA ⇓ Kim et al., 2016b Rat Extended access SA and extended withdrawal
Amphetamine/Methamphetamine
DStr ⇑ Shirai et al., 1996 Rat Methamphetamine sensitization
NAc core/shell ⇔ Szumlinski et al., 2016 Mice Methamphetamine sensitization
midbrain, NAc, Str, PFC ⇔ Sidiripoulou et al, 2001 Rat Amphetamine sensitization
Str and hippocampus ⇓ Althobaiti et al., 2016 Rat Methamphetamine high 10 mg/kg x 4, every 2 h
Ethanol
NAc core ⇔ Melendez et al., 2005; Rat 1 g/kg i.p. x 7 days
NAc core/shell ⇓ Sari et al., 2013 P rats Chronic drinking
PFC and Str ⇓ Abulseoud et al., 2014 P Rats/
Wistars		 Chronic drinking followed by oral gavage
VTA/NAc shell ⇔ Ding et al., 2013 *Female P rats Two-bottle choice
NAc core ⇔ Griffin et al., 2015 Mice Chronic intermittent alcohol
*white blood cells ⇑ Ozsoy et al., 2016 Human Alcoholics at d 1 and d 28 withdrawal
Nicotine
NAc core ⇓ Knackstedt et al., 2009 Rat SA and extinction
NAc core ⇓ Gipson et al., 2013 Rat SA and extinction
Opiates
NAc core ⇓ Shen et al., 2014 Rat Heroin SA and extinction
Cannabinoids
Hippocampus ⇓ Castaldo et al., 2010 Rat Perinatal THC or WIN 55,212-2
EAAT3/
EAAC1 		Amphetamine/Methamphetamine
Str ⇓ Kerdsan et al., 2012 Rat Meth: acute (8 mg/kg, ip 1x) or chronic (4 mg/kg, ip 14 days)
PFC ⇓ Kerdsan et al., 2012 Rat Meth chronic (4 mg/kg, ip 14 days)
Hippocampus ⇓ Kerdsan et al., 2012 Rat Meth chronic (4 mg/kg, ip 14 days)
PFC ⇓/⇔ Lominac et al., 2016 Mice Chronic meth (10 mg/kg x 10 days) + 21-d withdrawal
Midbrain, NAc, DStr, PFC no change Sidiripoulou et al., 2001 Rat Amphetamine sensitization
NAc ⇓ Szumlinski et al., 2016 High meth drinking mice naïve
NAc ⇓ Szumlinski et al., 2016 Mice Chronic meth (10 mg/kg x 10 days) + 21 day withdrawal
NAc ⇔ Szumlinski et al., 2016 Mice Meth CPP
Opiates
PFC, NAc, VTA/HP ⇑ surface/⇔Wan et al., 2016 Mice Morphine CPP
PFC ⇓ Wu et al., 2013 Mice Morphine-induced reinstatement of CPP
Cannabinoids
Cerebellum ⇓ Suarez et al., 2004 Rat Perinatal THC

Represents protein level changes except where indicated. Downward arrows indicate a decrease, upward arrows indicate an increase, and sideways arrows indicate no change.