Table 2.
Studies evaluating the effect of pharmacological interventions on RV-PV coupling in large animal models of pulmonary hypertension
| Drug | Model | Animal | Ea | Ees | VVC | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vasoactive drugs | ||||||
| Prostacyclins | Acute PA constriction, acute hypoxia | Dog, pig | ↓ | ─/↓ | ↑/─ | 20, 35, 63, 64 |
| Inhaled nitric oxide | Over-pacing induced left heart failure | Dog | ─ | ─ | ─ | 59 |
| Nitroprusside | Over-pacing induced left heart failure | Dog | ─ | ─ | ─ | 59 |
| Ionotropic drugs | ||||||
| Milrinone | Over-pacing induced left heart failure | Dog | ─ | ↑ | ↑ | 59 |
| Norepinephrine | Acute PA constriction | Dog | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑ | 39 |
| Dobutamine | Acute PA constriction | Dog | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑ | 38, 39 |
| Vasopressin | Acute thromboembolism | Dog | ↑ | ↓ | 47 | |
| Phenylephrine | Acute thromboembolism | Dogs | ↑ | ─ | 47 | |
| Levosimedan | Acute PA constriction, ischemic RV failure, acute thromboembolism | Dog, pig | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | 37, 38, 50 |
| Inhaled anesthetics | ||||||
| Isoflurane, desflurane | Acute hypoxia and hyperoxia | Dog | ↑ | ─ | ↓ | 40 |