Table 1.
Glossary of terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetics | Study of specific, individual genes, and their role in inheritance. |
| Genomics | Study of genes, their functions, and biological effects. |
| Functional genomics | Study of changes in gene products (transcripts, proteins, metabolites) and how these changes mediate normal and abnormal biological function. |
| Comparative genomics | The study to compare the genes in one organism with those of another. |
| Epigenetics | The study of processes that lead to heritable changes in gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence. |
| Epigenomics | Study of epigenetic modifications across the genome. |
| Epitranscriptomics | Study of post-transcriptional RNA modifications not involving a change in the ribonucleotide sequence. |
| Gene expression | The study of mechanisms translating information encoded by a gene into RNA structures or proteins. |
| Transcriptomics | The study of the complete set of RNA transcripts that are produced by the genome under specific conditions. |
| Omics | Suffix added to the names of many fields to denote studies undertaken on a large or genome-wide scale. |
| Proteomics | The study of the complete set of translated proteins within a biological sample under particular circumstances. |
| Metabolomics | Quantitative study of all intermediary metabolites in a given biological state. |
| Phenome | The whole set of phenotypic entities in an organisms. |
| Diseasome | All molecular or phenotype-based relationships between diseases observed in an organism. |