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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 12.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2008 Jun 19;118(2):e29–e35. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.189624

Table 4.

Factors That Potentially Influence Cardiovascular Risk in HIV Patients

Increasing Cardiovascular Risk Decreasing Cardiovascular Risk
Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, body habitus changes associated with HIV itself and certain components of ART Control of viral replication with ART improves endothelial function
High rates of other cardiovascular risk factors, in particular smoking Current antiretroviral regimens have more favorable effects on metabolic parameters and morphological changes than earlier regimens
Prolongation of survival: Older patients are intrinsically at greater cardiovascular risk ART reduces inflammatory markers and immune activation
HIV providers more aggressive about modification of ART or initiation of lipid-lowering therapies