Table 1.
Overview of longitudinal studies on moderator effects of divorce on well-being since 2000, sorted by year of publication
| Authors | Main Effecta | Outcome Studied | Moderators Studied | Moderator Effectb | Country | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim and McKenry (2002) | –– | Depression | Gender | n.s. | USA | NSFH |
| Simon (2002) | –– | Depression | Gender | Stronger for women | USA | NSFH |
| Johnson and Wu (2002) | –– | Psychological distress | Marital quality | Stronger for low-quality marriages | USA | |
| Williams (2003) | –– | Depression, life satisfaction | Gender Marital quality |
n.s. Stronger for high-quality marriages |
USA | ACLS |
| Williams and Umberson (2004) | –– | Self-rated health | Age | Stronger for older persons (men) n.s. (women) |
USA | ACLS |
| Blekesaune and Barrett (2005) | –– (women) 0 (men) |
Sickness absence | Age Children |
Stronger for older persons (women) Stronger for younger persons (men) Stronger for couples with children |
Norway | Registeårs |
| Strohschein et al. (2005) | –– | Psychological distress | Gender | n.s. | USA | NPHS |
| Liu and Chen (2006) | –– | Depression | Poverty | n.s. | USA | NLSY |
| Kalmijn and Monden (2006) | –– | Depression | Marital quality | n.s. | USA | NSFH |
| Williams and Dunne-Bryant (2006) | –– | Depression, life satisfaction | Gender Children |
Stronger for womenc
Stronger for couples with children |
USA | NSFH |
| Andreß and Bröckel (2007) | –– | Life satisfaction | Gender | Stronger for men | Germany | SOEP |
| Liu and Umberson (2008)d | Self-rated health | Cohort | Stronger for recent cohorts | USA | NHIS | |
| Mandemakers et al. (2010) | –– | Psychological distress | SES of origin family | Stronger for low-status persons | UK | NCDS |
| Monden and Uunk (2013) | 0 | Self-rated health | Gender | n.s. | Europe | ECHP |
aA main effect refers to a decline in well-being after divorce.
b“Stronger” means a more negative divorce effect; n.s. means no significant interaction. In some instances, two-way interactions could not be interpreted because of the presence of three-way interactions. In these cases, we do not report on the two-way interactions. The same applies to some main effects.
cDifferent interactions were found for other types of outcomes, such as alcohol abuse (see the text).
dMain effect not given.