Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2016 Sep 3;17(9):1471. doi: 10.3390/ijms17091471

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Ca²⁺ transient in HF cells treated with isoproterenol. (A) Two-photon fluorescence (TPF) image of a stained rat failing ventricular myocyte: sarcolemma in red (di-4-ANE(F)PTEA) and [Ca²⁺]_i in cyan (GFP-certified Fluoforte). Scale bar: 5 μm. On the right, a two-fold magnification of the region in the white dashed box. The lines mark the probed T-tubule (TT) sites: TT1 and TT2; (B) Average of 10 subsequent fluorescence traces (ΔF/F₀) recorded from two scanned sites in a heart failure (HF) cell and in an isoproterenol-treated HF cell (HF + ISO, 10–7 M). AP is elicited at 200 ms (black arrowheads). Membrane voltage (red) and [Ca²⁺]_i (cyan); (C) Graphs showing Ca²⁺ release time-to-peak (TTP) and 50% decay (CaT50) in HF and HF + ISO cells. The failing TTs (AP−) have been distinguished from the electrically responsive ones (AP+). Data from 86 HF cells (506 AP+ and 23 AP−, n = 9), and from 55 HF + ISO cells (265 AP+ and 15 AP−, n = 9). Asterisks indicate significant differences (Student’s t-test, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). Ochre and magenta lines represent the Ca²⁺ kinetics features measured nearby TTs of, respectively, CTRL and of isoproterenol-treated CTRL (CTRL + ISO) cells: mean (solid) ± SE (dashed). CTRL and CTRL + ISO data from previously published data [20]. Ochre and magenta asterisks refer to the comparison with CTRL or CTRL + ISO values, respectively.

Ca²⁺ transient in HF cells treated with isoproterenol. (A) Two-photon fluorescence (TPF) image of a stained rat failing ventricular myocyte: sarcolemma in red (di-4-ANE(F)PTEA) and [Ca²⁺]_i in cyan (GFP-certified Fluoforte). Scale bar: 5 μm. On the right, a two-fold magnification of the region in the white dashed box. The lines mark the probed T-tubule (TT) sites: TT1 and TT2; (B) Average of 10 subsequent fluorescence traces (ΔF/F₀) recorded from two scanned sites in a heart failure (HF) cell and in an isoproterenol-treated HF cell (HF + ISO, 10–7 M). AP is elicited at 200 ms (black arrowheads). Membrane voltage (red) and [Ca²⁺]_i (cyan); (C) Graphs showing Ca²⁺ release time-to-peak (TTP) and 50% decay (CaT50) in HF and HF + ISO cells. The failing TTs (AP−) have been distinguished from the electrically responsive ones (AP+). Data from 86 HF cells (506 AP+ and 23 AP−, n = 9), and from 55 HF + ISO cells (265 AP+ and 15 AP−, n = 9). Asterisks indicate significant differences (Student’s t-test, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). Ochre and magenta lines represent the Ca²⁺ kinetics features measured nearby TTs of, respectively, CTRL and of isoproterenol-treated CTRL (CTRL + ISO) cells: mean (solid) ± SE (dashed). CTRL and CTRL + ISO data from previously published data [20]. Ochre and magenta asterisks refer to the comparison with CTRL or CTRL + ISO values, respectively.