Table 1.
Main characteristics of subjects diagnosed with HMS, immigrants and expatriates
| Characteristic | All (n = 44) |
Expatriates (n = 36) |
Immigrants (n = 8) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age years; median (IQ range) | 56.1 (15.8) | 58.6 (10.0) | 27.4 (14.2) | 0.0001 |
| Gender (F/M) | 15/29 | 10/26 | 5/3 | 0.099 |
| Exposure, years; median (IQ range) | 20.0 (13.0) | 20.0 (12.0) | 27.5 (12.0) | 0.2278 |
| Presence of symptoms; ratio Y/Na | 42/1 | 34/1 | 8/0 | 1.000 |
| Fever; ratio Y/N* | 24/19 | 19/16 | 5/3 | 1.000 |
| Asthenia; ratio Y/N* | 19/24 | 18/17 | 1/7 | 0.059 |
| Left upper q. pain; ratio Y/Na | 9/34 | 6/29 | 3/5 | 0.332 |
| Intestinal discomfort ratio Y/Na | 12/31 | 11/24 | 1/7 | 0.407 |
| Spleen diameter in cm; median (IQ range) | 18.0 (3.3) | 18.0 (3.3) | 17.6 (3.5) | 0.5643 |
| Hepatomegaly; ratio Y/Na | 23/20 | 21/14 | 2/6 | 0.118 |
| Hb, mg/dL normal 12–16; median (IQ range) | 10.0 (3.0) | 9.6 (2.2) | 11.6 (4.0) | 0.1695 |
| RBC × 106/µL, n 4.2–5.4; median (IQ range) | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.3 (0.9) | 4.0 (1.1) | 0.0239 |
| Plt × 103/µL, n 130–400; median (IQ range) | 138.0 (81.0) | 128.0 (76.0) | 178.5 (100.0) | 0.0702 |
| ESR mm/h, n < 25; median (IQ range) | 57.5 (43.5) | 59.0 (38.0) | 51.0 (86.0) | 0.7352 |
| IgM, g/L, n < 2.5; median (IQ range) | 6.4 (3.9) | 6.8 (3.8) | 5.0 (12.6) | 0.9738 |
| Plasmodium in blood; ratio Y/Nb | 22/16 | 17/15 | 5/1 | 0.370 |
| Improved at T1; ratio Y/N | 20/2 | 16/2 | 4/0 | 1.000 |
aInfo on symptoms lacking for one patient
bMalaria search lacking for six patients