Table 1.
Summary of methods and results from studies assessing birth prevalence of congenital CMV infection in developing countries
| First author and year of publication | Country and time period | Maternal seroprevalence | Newborn screening | Number of newborns with congenital CMV (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Clinical specimens | Laboratory methods | Tested | Infected | Symptomatic | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| n | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | |||||||
| Schopfer 197819 | Ivory Coast - | 100% | Urine | Culture | 2032 | 28 | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 0 (0) |
| van der Sande 200720 | Gambiaa 2002–2005 | 100%b | Urine | PCR | 741 | 40 | 5.4 (4.0–7.3) | 3 (8) |
| Sohn 199221 | Korea 1989–1991 | 96%b | Urine and cord blood | Culture | 514 | 6 | 1.2 (0.5–2.6) | 0 (0) |
| Tsai 199622 | Taiwana - | 90% | Urine | Culture, PCR | 1000 | 18 | 1.8 (1.1–2.8) | 2 (11) |
| Zhang 200710 | China 1997–2000 | 92–99% | Urine | PCR | 1159 | 71 | 6.1 (4.9–7.7) | 17 (24) |
| Dar 200823 | India - | 99%b | Saliva, urine (C) | PCR | 423 | 9 | 2.1 (1.1–4.0) | 1 (11) |
| Luchsinger 199624 | Chile 1989–1994 | 98% | Urine and saliva | Culture, PCR | 658 | 12 | 1.8 (1.0–3.2) | 0 (0) |
| Weirich 199725 | Brazil 1994–1995 | 90%b | Saliva | Culture | 663 | 21 | 3.2 (2.1–4.8) | 6 (29) |
| Yamamoto 201126 | Brazil 2003–2009 | 96% | Urine and/or saliva | PCR, culturec | 12 195 | 121 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 12 (10) |
| Noyola 200327 | Mexicoa 2001 | 92% | Saliva | Culture | 560 | 5 | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 0 (0) |
| Estripeaut 200728 | Panama 2003–2004 | 84%b | Urine | PCR | 317 | 2 | 0.6 (0.2–2.5) | 1 (50) |
CMV, cytomegalovirus; CI, confidence interval.
a
Studies that were conducted in well-baby nurseries or excluded severely ill newborns.
b
Mothers tested as part of the study.
c
Culture was used as confirmatory test.