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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Intern Med. 2014 Sep 2;161(5):309–318. doi: 10.7326/M14-0180

Appendix Table 3.

Symptoms Reported by Participants

Symptom Participants (95% CI), n
P Value*
Low-Fat Diet (n = 73) Low-Carbohydrate Diet (n = 75)
Constipation
 3 mo 13 (7–24) 19 (11–30) 0.38
 6 mo 19 (11–31) 18 (10–29) 0.84
 12 mo 17 (9–28) 11 (5–22) 0.40
Fatigue
 3 mo   9 (4–19) 17 (10–28) 0.156
 6 mo 22 (13–33) 18 (10–29) 0.57
 12 mo 16 (8–27) 15 (8–26) 0.91
Headache
 3 mo 18 (11–30)   6 (2–15) 0.030
 6 mo 16 (8–27) 12 (6–23) 0.57
 12 mo 22 (13–34) 11 (5–21) 0.110
Thirst
 3 mo   6 (2–15) 14 (8–25) 0.125
 6 mo   9 (4–20) 12 (6–23) 0.65
 12 mo 10 (5–20) 12 (6–23) 0.81
Polyuria
 3 mo   8 (3–17)   3 (1–10) 0.23
 6 mo   5 (1–15)   4 (1–12) 0.76
 12 mo   4 (1–14)   2 (0–10) 0.39
Diarrhea
 3 mo   5 (2–14)   4 (1–13) 0.94
 6 mo   5 (2–15)   5 (2–15) 0.99
 12 mo   3 (1–13)   1 (0–13) 0.60
Heartburn
 3 mo 12 (6–23)   7 (3–16) 0.40
 6 mo 11 (5–22)   6 (2–17) 0.38
 12 mo 18 (10–31)   9 (4–19) 0.141
Gas
 3 mo 15 (9–26) 19 (11–30) 0.59
 6 mo 22 (13–35) 17 (10–29) 0.51
 12 mo 23 (14–35) 16 (9–27) 0.32
Nausea†
 3 mo 2 4 –
 6 mo 2 0 –
 12 mo 3 0 –
Vomiting†
 3 mo 0 1 –
 6 mo 0 0 –
 12 mo 0 0 –
Decreased appetite†
 3 mo 1 3 –
 6 mo 2 0 –
 12 mo 2 1 –
*

For the between-group difference at each time point.

†

CI could not be calculated because of the small number of events.