Table 3.

Social defeat increased CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL2 mRNA expression in the CTX-C, CTX-R, HPC, and BG

Reg	mRNA	Control	Social Defeat
Reg	mRNA	Control	1 d	3 d	6 d
CTX-C	CXCL1	1.02 ± 0.09^a	13.72 ± 4.86^b	25.93 ± 8.28^b,c	59.94 ± 16.61^c
	CXCL2	1.10 ± 0.18^a	7.18 ± 2.35^b	14.82 ± 6.30^a,b,c	47.98 ± 13.67^c
	CXCL12	1.02 ± 0.11	1.09 ± 0.07	1.01 ± 0.09	0.78 ± 0.05
	CCL2	1.01 ± 0.08	0.95 ± 0.11	0.90 ± 0.12	2.48 ± 0.48

CTX-R	CXCL1	1.12 ± 0.25^a	17.53 ± 6.04^b	20.05 ± 7.08^b,c	43.49 ± 8.77^c
	CXCL2	1.03 ± 0.11^a	19.37 ± 8.57^a,b	8.29 ± 1.95^b	48.64 ± 18.59^b
	CXCL12	1.00 ± 0.04	0.94 ± 0.02	1.14 ± 0.14	1.03 ± 0.04
	CCL2	1.01 ± 0.06^a	1.03 ± 0.07^a	1.41 ± 0.16^a,b	2.83 ± 0.50^b

HPC	CXCL1	1.01 ± 0.07^a	8.03 ± 3.08^b	9.94 ± 2.27^b	28.65 ± 8.16^b
	CXCL2	1.14 ± 0.21^a	22.03 ± 10.25^a,b	13.59 ± 4.88^b	48.45 ± 18.39^b
	CXCL12	1.01 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.05	1.07 ± 0.15	0.80 ± 0.01
	CCL2	1.01 ± 0.09	0.74 ± 0.08	0.84 ± 0.10	2.12 ± 0.38

BG	CXCL1	1.00 ± 0.02^a	12.21 ± 4.91^a,b,c	14.84 ± 3.83^b,c	49.82 ± 14.16^c
	CXCL2	1.06 ± 0.17^a	18.30 ± 8.34^a,b	11.38 ± 3.98^a,b	48.13 ± 17.37^b
	CXCL12	1.00 ± 0.03	0.83 ± 0.04	1.15 ± 0.07	0.78 ± 0.06
	CCL2	1.02 ± 0.15	0.90 ± 0.06	1.01 ± 0.14	2.57 ± 0.73

Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to one, three, or six cycles of social defeat (RSD) or left undisturbed as controls (CON). Immediately following the final cycle of RSD, brains were removed, dissected, and frozen in liquid nitrogen. CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL12, and CCL2 mRNA levels were determined in the CTX-C, CTX-R, HPC, and BG (n = 3–6). Values represent average fold change compared to control. Means with different letters (a, b, or c) are significantly different (p < 0.05) from each other.