Fig. 3.
Idh1-R132Q and 2HG increase the expression of hypertrophic chondrocyte markers and increase cell proliferation. (A) Expression of markers of hypertrophic chondrocytes is significantly higher in chondrocytes from mice expressing Idh1-R132Q. Relative expression is shown, with levels in WT cells arbitrarily set to one. (B) Treatment of WT cells with 2HG has a similar effect on gene expression as observed in cells expressing Idh1-R132Q. (C) Percentage of cells incorporating BrdU in mutant and WT cells treated with 2-HD or AGI-5198. (D and E) Cells expressing the mutant Idh or cells from mice expressing WT Idh treated with 2HG up-regulate expression of Hh target genes. Data are given as means, and error bars represent SDs. *P < 0.05 vs. WT control.