. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 18.

Published in final edited form as: N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 18;371(25):2383–2393. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1409065

Table 3.

Cardiovascular Events and Hazard Ratios, According to Quartile of Cholesterol Efflux Capacity.^*

End Point	All Participants (N = 2416)	Cholesterol Efflux Capacity				Unadjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)^†
		Quartile 1 (N = 602)	Quartile 2 (N = 605)	Quartile 3 (N = 607)	Quartile 4 (N = 602)
no. of participants
Primary end point: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease	132	49	35	26	22	0.44 (0.27–0.73)	0.33 (0.19–0.55)

Myocardial infarction^‡	28	11	6	4	7	—	—

Stroke^‡	36	15	11	8	2	—	—

Coronary revascularization^‡	26	14	7	2	3	—	—

Death from cardiovascular causes^‡	42	9	11	12	10	—	—

Secondary end points

Total cardiovascular disease	172	58	44	39	31	0.52 (0.34–0.80)	0.42 (0.27–0.65)

Hard atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease	84	30	21	16	17	0.53 (0.29–0.97)	0.40 (0.21–0.74)

Myocardial infarction	30	12	6	5	7	0.59 (0.23–1.49)	0.44 (0.17–1.18)

Stroke	37	16	11	8	2	0.12 (0.03–0.54)	0.11 (0.02–0.47)

Coronary revascularization	48	25	10	6	7	0.28 (0.12–0.65)	0.19 (0.08–0.45)

Death from cardiovascular causes	46	9	15	12	10	1.11 (0.45–2.74)	0.94 (0.37–2.37)

Data are hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the cholesterol efflux capacity in quartile 4 (highest quartile) as compared with quartile 1 (lowest quartile) for the listed end points, obtained from Cox proportional-hazards models. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was defined as the composite of a first nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary-artery bypass grafting) or death from cardiovascular causes. Total cardiovascular disease was defined as the composite of the end points related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and peripheral revascularization or hospitalization for heart failure or atrial fibrillation. Hard atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was defined as the composite of fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke.

^†

The hazard ratio was adjusted for age, sex, race, presence or absence of diabetes, presence or absence of hypertension, status with regard to current smoking, body-mass index, total cholesterol level, log-transformed triglyceride level, status with regard to a history of statin use, HDL cholesterol level, and HDL particle concentration.

^‡

The components of the primary composite end point are summarized as mutually exclusive components without hazard ratios or confidence intervals, since these components do not represent true event rates. Total numbers of patients with these end-point events are also shown as secondary end points with hazard ratios and confidence intervals.