| Anderson (2007) |
100 patients during the acute phase of autologous PBSC transplantation with multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma |
MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-BMT) and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) were completed at baseline, 3-4 days into conditioning, day of transplant, day of nadir, and 30days post transplant. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT) at BL and 30 days. |
Longitudinal, descriptive |
The time point associated with the most reported disturbances was Nadir: The top five symptoms at each time point rated by patients as moderate to severe were: BL 29% fatigue, 21% pain, 17% distress, 14% weakness, 13% sadness; Conditioning: 34% disturbed sleep, 22% fatigue, 22% loss appetite, 14% nausea, 13% weakness.; Transplant:34% loss appetite, 32% fatigue, 26% disturbed sleep, 25% nausea, 23% weakness. Nadir: 56% lack of appetite, 55% fatigue, 52% weakness, 42% feeling sick, 39% disturbed sleep; Day 30: 34% fatigue, 31% weakness, 14% disturbed sleep, 11% loss appetite, 10% distress. |
Cancer diagnosis was a significant predictor of changes in symptoms over time. The patterns of fatigue, pain, sleep disturbance and lack of appetite were significantly different for patients with multiple myeloma as compared with patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. |
| Bevans, Mitchell, Marden (2008) |
76 adults undergoing allogenic HSCT from a single institution. Mean age of 40 years (SD 13.5 years). 67% of the sample was male; 30% of the sample was Hispanic; two thirds were undergoing transplant for acute or chronic leukemia, lymphoma or multiple myeloma. 66% were in a complete remission at the time of transplant, while 34% had progressive disease. |
Symptom Distress Scale (SDS) |
Longitudinal study with data about the symptom experience collected pre-transplant, day 0 (after HSCT conditioning), and days 30 and 100 post-transplant |
The most prevalent symptoms at baseline were fatigue and worry (both 68%), at day 0, the most prevalent symptom was appetite change (88%), and fatigue was most prevalent at days 30 (90%) and 100 (81%). Symptoms that were severely distressing including worry (16% severely distress at baseline), insomnia (32% severely distressed at day 0), appetite change 22% severely distressed at day 30) and fatigue (11% severely distressed at day 100). The SDS was highest at day 0 (mean 26.6 SD 7.6), when the highest number of symptoms were reported. Symptoms formed clusters comprised of fatigue, appearance change and worry at baseline, and fatigue, insomnia, and bowel changes at days 0 and 30. Examining the symptom experience over time, it is apparent that HSCT patients tend to present for transplantation with low symptom distress, and experience multiple symptoms and high symptom distress after conditioning. |
Though not consistently the most prevalent or distressing, GI complications, including bowel changes, nausea, and appetite limitations were noted across the treatment trajectory. |
| Chen ML, Chang HK (2004) |
121 patients with breast (40%), head and neck (33%), or esophageal cancer (27%) that were hospitalized in Northern Taiwan for chemotherapy (76%), symptom management (20%) and follow-up or surgery (4.1%). Male=55%. Mean Age=52.19 (SD 10.44) Range=26-81. Cancer stage= II (15 %), III (17%), IV (33%), missing (36%). |
Patient Disease Symptom/Sign Assessment Scale (PDSA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Subscale (HADS-D) |
Cross-sectional, descriptive |
Insomnia was the most prevalent symptom (67%), followed by pain (62%), anorexia (47%), fatigue/weakness (40%), nausea/vomiting (24%), wound/pressure sore (17%), dyspnea (14%), edema (8.3%), elimination problems (2.5%), and change in consciousness (0%). The average number of symptoms for total sample was 2.83 (median 3.0, range: 0/7). 55% reported 3 or more. 25% were classified as depressed (HADS-D cutoff of 11). The average number of symptoms observed total sample was 3.77 (median 3.5), depressed patients had average number of 3.77 (median=3.5) and non-depressed had 2.52 (median/2.0). Depressed patients showed a significantly higher occurrence rate than that of non-depressed patients in insomnia, pain anorexia fatigue, wound/pressure sore. Patients simultaneously experiencing insomnia, pain, anorexia, and fatigue had a higher risk of depression (odds ratio 5.03) |
Using HADS-D to measure depression decreases the likelihood of confounding the assessment of depression with physical symptoms caused by cancer and its treatment since HADS-D does not use physical symptoms to measure depression. |
| Chen (2007) |
329 multi-disease site pts. Study from Taiwan 29% breast; 25% GI; 76% local disease without mets; time since dx 1-311mos with median of 14 mos; 53% had chemo; 73% had RT |
MDASI-Taiwanese- 13 common ca related symptoms measured on scale 1-10 assessed in primary study but only 9 symptoms used in this secondary CFA analysis based on previous EFA (Chen & Tseng 2006) |
Secondary analysis of Cross sectional study; Confirmatory factor analysis |
mean # of symptoms per pt = 6.6 (range 0-13); prevalence 72% dry mouth; 70% fatigue 63% sleep disturbance 3 clusters: sickness including pain, fatigue, disturbed sleep & drowsiness; GI including N&V & lack of appetite; Emotional including distress & sadness |
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| Ferreira (2008) |
115 outpatients with cancer, who had not received cancer treatment in the last 30 days who reported at least 2 symptoms. Female=61%, Mean age= 57.2(SD 13.5). Type of cancer-Breast=38.9%, Lung=23.9%, Prostate=10.6%, Genitourinary=13.3%, Head and neck=7.1%, Gastrointestinal=5.3%, and other=0.9%. Presence of metastases=67.6%. Previous treatment-Chemotherapy=51.4%, Radiation therapy=55.0%, Hormonal therapy=19.8% and Surgery=66.7%. Country of study=Brazil |
Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS),Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). |
Cross-sectional, descriptive study |
Prevalence and mean of symptoms as follows: pain 100%, 7.36; fatigue 87%, 41.50; Insomnia 73%, 57.39; constipation 51%, 36.52; lack of appetite 50%, 37.97; dyspnea 44%, 24.19; depression 44%, 14.43; nausea and vomiting 28%, 11.65; diarrhea 11%, 5.01. Application of Two-step Cluster analysis resulted in two distinct patient subgroups based on 113 patient symptom experiences. One group had multiple and severe symptom subgroup and another had less symptoms and with lower severity. (Pain scale 0-10, depression 0-63, other symptoms 0-100). |
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| Gift (2004) |
n = 220, with newly diagnosed lung; sample from 24 community oncology sites in Michigan; 91% white; 65-89 years (mean 72); Stages 0-II - 38%, stages III - IV -62%; Treatment - Surgery -42%, Chem - 43%, Rad -63% |
Given (lead author) Physical Symptom Experience tool (37 symptoms; occurrence, severity, interference). |
secondary data analysis of NIH panel study; data collected at diagnosis |
Most Frequent(%): Fatigue 79; Up at night urinate 68; cough 65; pain 60; diff breathing 58; weakness 57; app loss 50; dry mouth 49; wt loss 45; altered taste 35; nausea 34; lack of sex interest 31; diff swallow 30; dizziness 23 diff concentrating 20; problems coordination 16 vomiting 15 hot flashes 7 arms swelling 2; Most Severe (mean, scale 1-3): Arm swell 2.33, lack sex interest 2.07, vomit 2; hot flash 1.94; trouble sleep 1.89; fatigue 1.84; pain 1.84; diff breath 1.82; diff swallow 1.82; alter taste 1.76; app loss 1.74; weakness 1.69; wt loss 1.67; problems coordination 1.61; dry mouth 1.56; cough 1.54; diff concentrating 1.44; dizziness 1.43; up at night urinate 1.39 |
|
| Harding (2007) |
31 adult Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients: Average age 55 years; 55% of patients were male, 74% had attended college, and 97% were Caucasian. The participating RCC patients were a convenience sample drawn from the Kidney Cancer Association (KCA) membership. |
A brief, self-administered RCC Symptom Index was created that captures the relevant signs and symptoms of both localized and metastatic patients. Pending additional content validation, the Index can be used to assess the signs and symptoms of RCC and the clinical benefit resulting from RCC treatment. |
National cross-sectional study was conducted to define patient-reported RCC symptomology. |
The five most frequent symptoms among localized stage patients (n = 14) were irritability (79%), pain (71%), fatigue (71%), worry (71%), and sleep disturbance (64%). Among metastatic patients (n = 17), the five most frequent symptoms were fatigue (82%), weakness (65%), worry (65%), shortness of breath (53%), and irritability (53%). More than 50% of localized and metastatic-stage patients reported pain, weakness, fatigue, sleep disturbance, urinary frequency, worry, and mood disorders as being moderately to highly relevant. |
The RCC Symptom Index was developed through a structured, iterative process that drew upon several information sources to identify the appropriate signs and symptoms. A broad range of physiological and psychological disease manifestations were identified and found relevant by a national, US cohort of RCC patients who were undoubtedly treated at different cancer centers. |
| Hayes (2010) |
N=287, Australian women age 74 or younger (mean 54), early stage, all post surgery (PS) by 4 mo+, 87% had one or more LNs dissected w median of 12 LNs examined |
PRO: FACT-B+4 (arm subscale), Disability of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (DASH) collected at 6 mo and q3 mo ×4. Objective measures: ROM, Exercise protocol, Bio-impedance Spectroscopy (BIS) to measure LE |
Descriptive study, prospective, longitudinal, population-based sample through cancer registry in Queensland, Australia |
Numbness (19-29%) & swelling(13-23%) most common symptoms. Multiple symptoms were 1.7× more common in LE pts and by 18mo PS, having LE doubled chance of 1 or more symptoms. By 18 mo the differences were minimal, except those w LE reported more tingling, swelling, numbness |
1 in 2 women reported moderate to extreme pain, tingling, weakness, stiffness, poor ROM, swelling, and/or numbness at 6 mo PS, but 51% reported at least 1 complaint 12 mo later |
| Hoffman (2007) |
n = 80 newly diagnosed with lung cancer; 2 CCOPs and 2 Comprehensive CA centers; age range 41-83, mean 63; Caucasion 95%; Early stage - 10%; Late Stage 90%; |
Given (co-author) Cancer Sympton Experience Inventory (15 symptoms; occurrence, severity, interference). |
secondary data analysis from baseline of randomized clinical trial; explore relationship among pain, fatigue, insomnia, and gender. |
Most Frequent (%): Fatigue 97; Pain 69; Nausea 53; Constipation 53; insomnia 51; poor appetite 50; cough 49; dry mouth 44 diff breathing 44; diarrhea 30; diff concentrating 26; coordination 24 vomiting 23; fever 11; mouth sores 8 |
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| Karabulu (2010) |
287 Turkish pts from a university hospital. 56% male, 66% had Stage II disease; mean duration since tx was 3 yrs +/- 2.5 yrs; 39% GI, 17% lung, 14% AML/ALL, 13% H&N, 12% breast. 72% had chemo only, 2% RT only & 8% chemoRT |
MDASI- Turkish |
cross-sectional design using hierarchical cluster analysis to identify symptom clusters and regression analysis to assess predictors of clusters |
prevalence: fatigue 95.5%, difficulty remembering 91%, sadness 90%, loss of appetite 88%, enjoyment of life 89%, pain 88%, distress 87%, difficulty walking 87,5%, dry mouth 87%. Overall 37.5% had moderate and 12.5% had severe symptoms. Mean MDASI scores for 13 symptom items were 5 and 4.4 for the 6 interference items. 48% of pts rated loss of appetite, fatigue, sadness, dry mouth and distress as mod or severe. Loss of appetite was most prevalent symptom. The 6 interference symptoms formed a cluster (gen activity, mood, work relations with others, walking, enjoyment with life); a second cluster was formed with sleep disturbance, difficulty remembering, pain, distress, sadness, fatigue, dry mouth and appetite loss. A third cluster was formed with nausea, vomiting, SOB, numbness, drowsiness. |
|
| Kenefick (2006) |
N=55, age 60 or older (mean 68), 61%white, 37% AA, stage I or II BCA, |
Symptom Distress Scale (SDS) Longitudinal data collection at hospital discharge and 3 & 6 mo post discharge. |
Secondary, descriptive analysis from larger study of a home care nursing intervention on QOL of older pts newly diagnosed with several types of cancer. |
SDS scores range from 13 to 65 and mean total SDS were 23.81 at discharge from hospital and 20.52 at 3 mo, and 18.6 at 6 mo. Most frequent sx were fatigue, frequency of pain, outlook and insomnia. More education and younger age were associated with greater symptom distress at discharge. |
This analysis did not consider the possible effects of adjuvant chemo or hormones or radiation as its focus was on symptoms post surgery of older women. |
| Keene Sarenmalm (2007) |
N=56, age 55 & older (mean 65), newly diagnosed w local, regional or distant recurrent BCA (29 had loco-regional recurrence) (1/3 had past hx of anxiety and/or depression) |
MSAS, MSAS-PHYS, MSAS-PSYCH, TMSAS (total symptom burden), MSAS-GDI, HADS, Sense of Coherence (soc) measures coping capacity, PACIS, QLQ-C30, IBCSG-QOL |
Descriptive study, pts recruited prospectively from 2 oncology centers, correlation analyses with multiple regressions for developing prediction model |
65% reported 10-23 symptoms (avg 14), Prevalent sx >50%: lack of energy (67%), difficulty sleeping (61%), pain (59%), worrying (59%), problems w sexual interest/activity (59%) feeling sad (57%), dry mouth (52%) |
Stat sig correlations among highly related symptoms were worrying and feeling nervous, worrying and feeling sad, nausea & lack of appetite, difficulty swallowing & feeling bloated. |
| Kim (2008) |
N=282, women w BCA all stages, age >30, (mean 55), 92% white, initiating rx of at least 3 cycles of chemo (44%) or 6 wks of XRT (56%) |
General fatigue scale, POMS, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Side Effect Checklist. Time points-baseline pre-rx and 48 hours post rx 2 and 3. |
Secondary analysis of data from RCT of cognitive behavioral rx on fatigue (1999-2002 at 2 ca ctrs), factor analysis for symptom clusters |
Common factoring identified a psychoneurological symptom cluster at 1st time point: depressed mood, cognitive disturbance, fatigue, insomnia, and pain and was generalizable to all subgroups. Symptom cluster at 2nd time point included upper-GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite) |
Confounding variables on symptom clustering included varying CTX regimens, XRT dose, hormonal rx, surgery type and time lapse since surgery were not controlled for |
| Kiteley (2006) |
n = 16 at lung cancer clinic in Toronto mean age 67; 9 men, 7 women; chemo before 1st interview - 4; btwn interviews - radiation -9, rad and chemo 2, surgery and rad 1, surgery only 1, chemo alone 1 |
spontaneous reports and probes on symptoms (21 in total were identified) |
semi-structured interview to describe their symptom experiences; interview at time of diagnosis and second interview 2 months later. |
Out of N = 16, symptoms with greater than 25% include (#s are reported at Baseline & 2 Months later: fatigue = 14, 15; pain = 10, 9; shortness of breath = 9, 7; loss of appetite = 8, 11; cough = 8, 8; insomnia = 8, 9; mucous = 8, 9; weight loss = 8, 8; wheeze = 7, 4 |
fatigue and pain most troublesome symptoms; most often cited combo of symptoms was respiratory symptoms (wheeze, cough, mucus, shortness of breath) |
| Nejmi (2010) |
165 cancer patients in Morocco (Arabic-speaking); mean age 48.7; 56% female; 8% receiving chemotherapy/14% receiving radiotherapy; 32% Stage II-III/68% Stage IV; 95% ECOG PS 2-4 (39% ECOG PS 4); 21% gastrointestinal/19% breast/15% gynecological/12% lung/8% unknown/7% genitourinary/7% head and neck/10% other |
MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Arabic version (MDASI-A); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) |
Cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed methods |
Mean score (0-10 scale, in order of mean severity high to low): pain (9.62); fatigue (7.05); lack of appetite (6.07); disturbed sleep (5.35); dry mouth (5.07); sadness (4.85); distress (4.33); shortness of breath (3.89); numbness (3.76); drowsiness (3.28); nausea (3.03); difficulty remembering (2.85); vomiting (2.43). % with score >/= 5 (moderate or severe; in order of incidence high to low): pain (100%); fatigue (86%); lack of appetite (79%); disturbed sleep (69%); dry mouth (68%); sadness (62%); distress (54%); shortness of breath (47%); numbness (46%); drowsiness (43%); nausea (35%); difficulty remembering (35%); vomiting (25%). % with score >/=7 (severe; in order of incidence high to low): pain (96%); fatigue (65%); lack of appetite (48%); dry mouth (30%); sadness (31%); shortness of breath (29%); distress (28%); disturbed sleep (24%); numbness (22%); drowsiness (16%); nausea (16%); difficulty remembering (16%); vomiting (15%). |
Interview format; very poor performance status overall |
| Reyes-Gibby (2007) |
48 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer receiving chemoradiation 5040 cGY in 28 fractions, capecitabine and bevacizumab) on a phase I protocol. Median of 58 years of age 9range 41-80), 92% Caucasian, equally divided between males and females. KPS was preserved (100% of teh sample with KPS>80%), however 74% had one or more comorbidities. |
MDASI |
Longitudinal, descriptive, with symptoms and their interference with usual function measured at baseline, weekly during treatment, and at the time of the first clinical assessment after chemoradiation |
95% of the patients reported at least one of the 13 symptoms at initial presentation. The highest mean score was observed for fatigue, followed by lack of appetite and pain. The mostly commonly reported symptoms at moderate to severe intensity over the course from presentation, during treatment and after treatment were fatigue, lack of appetite, pain, nausea and sleep disturbance. At entry to the study, 51% of the sample reported multiple symptoms that were of moderate to severe intensity, with the proportion reporting symptoms of moderate to severe intensity decreasing to 20% at the time chemoradiotherapy was concluded. Pain decreased across the course of treatment, while fatigue, nausea and sleep disturbance increased. Fatigue and appetite changes formed a distinct grouping. |
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| Shi (2010) |
Forty-two patients with breast, head and neck, lung, gynecological, gastrointestinal, prostate, or brain cancer in their third to eighth week of chemoradiation. Majority female, white, >55yrs, breast cancer; 50% metastatic cancer. |
To examine the effects of recall on symptom severity ratings by comparing ratings made using 24-hour and seven-day recall periods of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI). Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS)9 was also recorded at both T1 and T2. |
Cross-over design |
The five most severe symptoms from both recall periods were fatigue, sleep disturbance, drowsiness, lack of appetite, and pain. Paired t-tests did not find any significant difference between the 24-hour and seven-day recall periods. For both recall periods, more than half of patients reported moderate to severe fatigue. Percentages did not differ significantly between the 24-hour and seven-day recall periods. |
Comparing the 24-hour and seven-day recall periods, the correlation coefficient for total symptom severity was 0.888. All correlation coefficients for symptom severity items were >0.7 except for distress (r = 0.67). The percentages of moderate to severe symptoms (rated >5) were consistent for both recall periods, with no significant difference between recall periods in the prevalence of moderate to severe symptoms. |
| Sun (2008) |
45 patients actively receiving treatment for either hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or pancreatic cancer. The mean age was 59 years, and 64% were male. 51% Caucasian, 22% Asian, 18% Hispanic, and 4% African American participants. >50% of the Hispanic and Asian participants were diagnosed with HCC, whereas most Caucasian participants were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Tthe study sample included 22 patients with HCC and 23 patients with pancreatic cancer. The majority of participants had stage III (26%) or IV (61%) disease at the time of accrual; 82% had been diagnosed recently, and 13% had recurrent disease. |
Patients were followed from baseline for three months, with outcome measures repeated monthly. Outcome measures included the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy– Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy– Spirituality Subscale (FACIT-Sp-12). |
Descriptive, longitudinal study. Descriptive analysis of demographic, treatment, and symptom data was conducted, followed by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance of FACT-Hep and FACIT-Sp-12 scale scores by diagnosis and treatment type. |
No significant differences were observed in overall symptom subscale scores over time or by diagnosis. In the HCC group, the overall symptom subscale score decreased over time from baseline, one-, and two-month evaluations, but was increased at three months. For the pancreatic cancer group, overall scores stabilized between one month and two months and then decreased by the three-month evaluation. These changes were not statistically significant. Overall, symptom scores were high for weight loss, appetite, fatigue, ability to perform usual activities, and abdominal pain and tended to worsen over time. |
Pearson's correlations between the disease-specific symptom subscale and each of the QOL subscale scores were computed for all four evaluations, including baseline. Results at baseline suggest that symptoms were highly correlated with physical well-being (0.72), functional well-being (0.73), and overall FACT-Hep scores (0.93). |
| Wang SY, Tsai CM, Chen BC, Lin CH, Lin CC (2008) |
n - 108 lung cancer in Taiwan; oncology in and outpatient units (3 sites); mean age 68; radiation -81%; localized cancer 74% |
Taiwanese version of MDASI |
cross-sectional |
Most Severe (mean score, range 0 -10): fatigue 6.68, sleep disturbance 6.04; lack of app 5.83; short breath 5.59; distress 5.27; drowsiness 5.19; dry mouth 5.11; pain 5.10; sadness 4.87; diff remembering 4.65; numbness 4.01; nausea 2.48; vomiting 1.35 |
|
| Wang (2010) |
1433 patients were included in analyses: 524 patients from the United States, 249 from China, 256 from Japan, 226 from Russia, and 178 from Korea. Percent female: US-55, China-54, Japan-42, Russia-62, Korea-40. Mean age(SD) US-55(15.0), China-51(12.8), Japan-62(12.1), Russia-61(14.3), Korea-51(11.3). Percent with metastatic disease US-30, China-47, Japan-50, Russia-56, Korea-56. Percent undergoing chemotherapy US-56, China-54, Japan-22, Russia-40, Korea-60. |
M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI), ECOG |
Cross sectional, descriptive |
Cross-nationally, fatigue was consistently the most prevalent moderate to severe symptom (rated ≥5 on the MDASI 0-10 scale). Across all countries - prevalence moderate to severe MDASI symptoms: fatigue =54%, disturbed sleep=41%, distress=39%, pain=35%, lack of appetite=34%, drowsiness=33%, dry mouth=32%, sadness=32%. Treatment-induced symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and numbness were consistently rated as the least severe of the 13 MDASI symptoms. MDASI symptoms severity mean(SD): fatigue =4.75 (2.95), disturbed sleep=3.73 (3.16), distress=3.60 (3.17), pain=3.16 (3.16), lack of appetite=3.25 (3.23), drowsiness=3.25 (2.92), dry mouth=3.11 (3.16), sadness=3.15 (3.13), shortness of breath=2.51 (2.92), Difficulty remembering=2.39(2.69), Numbness and tingling=2.38 (2.97), nausea=1.95 (2.86), and vomiting=1.34 (2.97). |
The results of this study indicate that national and linguistic (country) variations in patient responses to the MDASI are small relative to individual patient-related factors. Analysis of MDASI symptom and interference ratings from cancer patients in five countries revealed that the variance of the random effects for country was between 20% and 50% of the inter-subject variance. |
| Wang XS, Williams LA, Eng C, Mendoza TR, Shah NA, Kirkendoll KJ, Shah PK, Trask PC, Palos GR, Cleeland CS (2010) |
184 gastrointestinal cancer patients (English-speaking in the US); median age 60; 53% female; 61% currently receiving chemotherapy/33% receiving no treatment; 34% local or regional disease/54% metastatic disease; 12% ECOG PS 2-4; 28% colon/25% pancreas/19% rectum/15% hepatobilliary/13% gastric/1% esophageal |
MD Anderson Symptom Inventory plus 5 Gastrointestinal-specific symptom items (MDASI-GI); Medical Outcomes Survey 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) |
Cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed methods |
Mean score (0-10 scale, in order of mean severity high to low): fatigue (2.57); drowsiness (1.97); pain (1.87); disturbed sleep (1.66); lack of appetite (1.62); diarrhea* (1.51); numbness (1.43); distress (1.42); dry mouth (1.32); difficulty remembering (1.15); bloating* (0.98); sadness (0.95); constipation* (0.93); change in taste* (0.77); nausea (0.70); shortness of breath (0.50); vomiting (0.36); difficulty swallowing* (0.19). *=GI module |
Percentage of patients experiencing each symptom not provided. |
