Table 2.
Studies that examined recollection and familiarity differences between healthy older adults and individuals diagnosed with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI)
| Healthy Controls | aMCI Patients | Effect Size d | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | aMCI Subtypes | Estimation Method | n | R (prob.) | F (prob.) | n | R (prob.) | F (prob.) | R | F |
| Ally et al. (2009)a | SD & MD | ROC | 12 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 11 | 0.09 | 0.18 | −0.32 | −1.51 |
| Anderson et al. (2008) | SD | PD | 44 | 0.76 | 0.48 | 15 | 0.63 | 0.51 | −0.72 | 0.04 |
| Belleville et al. (2011)b | SD & MD | RK | 29 | – | – | 28 | – | – | −0.63 | 0.23 |
| Embree et al. (2012) | SD & MD | ROC | 16 | 0.43 | 0.54 | 16 | 0.15 | 0.45 | −1.83 | −0.45 |
| Hudon et al. (2009)a | SD & MD | RK | 23 | 0.64 | 0.56 | 20 | 0.43 | 0.59 | −1.26 | 0.39c |
| Serra et al. (2010) | SD | PD/RK | 23 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 19 | 0.18 | 0.19 | −0.27 | −0.12d |
| Troyer et al. (2012) | SD | PD | 21 | 0.58 | 0.31 | 24 | 0.26 | 0.39 | −1.29 | 0.43 |
| Wolk et al. (2008) | SD & MD | PD | 21 | 0.33 | 0.47 | 16 | 0.20 | 0.32 | −0.65 | −1.40 |
| Wolk et al. (2013) | SD & MD | PD | 50 | 0.36 | 0.82 | 32 | 0.21 | 0.50 | −0.99 | −1.75 |
The recollection (R) and familiarity (F) estimates under the Healthy Controls and aMCI patients headings refer to the probability (prob.) estimates derived from the Yonelinas (2002) method whereby R and F are calculated based on the average data reported in the study (see Supplemental Material for details). The n under these headings refers to the number of healthy controls and aMCI patients tested in the study. The reported effects sizes for R and F are the uncorrected values calculated for each sample. The small-sample bias correction was applied to these effect sizes in the analysis reported in the main text. The estimation method is provided for reference, and was not considered as a moderator variable in the analyses reported in the main text. RK Remember-Know; PD Process Dissociation; ROC Receiver-Operating Characteristic; SD Single-Domain aMCI; MD Multiple-Domain aMCI
This study examined both aMCI and AD with a single set of healthy controls
The probability estimates for recollection and familiarity could not be reliably calculated from the data reported
Subtracted the average false alarm rate from familiarity post hoc before calculating the effect size
The difference between the pattern of probability estimates and effect size measures is likely due to differences in the method used to calculate familiarity. Serra et al. (2010) use a signal-detection PDP calculator, whereas we used the formulas provided in Yonelinas (2002) (see Supplemental Materials for a more detailed description of the method)