Table 1. Differential chemokine secretion by primary humanized astrocytes in response to 20 μg/ml PIC exposure.
Primary astrocyte cultures prepared from neonatal TR APOE2, TR APOE3, and TR APOE4 mice were exposed to 20 μg/ml PIC or vehicle for 18 h and culture supernatants assayed with a 32-plex array for CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL9, CXCL10, eotaxin, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IFNγ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12(p40), IL-12(p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), TNF-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). PIC exposure resulted in significant induction of the 10 chemokine analytes shown. Induction of CCL3 revealed a robust U-shaped profile such that chemokine induction TR APOE3 astrocytes was markedly reduced in comparison to astrocytes from either TR APOE2 or TR APOE4 mice.
| Concentration (pg/ml)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ε2 | ε3 | ε4 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| vehicle | PIC | vehicle | PIC | vehicle | PIC | |
| CCL2 | 90.4 | 21118.6 | 63.8 | 17141.2 | 399 | 22340.9 |
| CCL3 | 62 | 2133 | 54.3 | 338.1 | 65.4 | 2182.1 |
| CCL4 | ND | 5592.1 | ND | 711 | ND | 6063.1 |
| CCL5 | 18 | 4040.7 | ND | 3515.5 | 161.6 | 3745.9 |
| CXCL1 | 40.9 | 18759.2 | 59.7 | 21600.9 | 128.9 | 16913.9 |
| CXCL2 | 71.3 | 3163.4 | 71.3 | 1270.4 | 69.7 | 4190.6 |
| CXCL9 | 19.2 | 89.1 | 15.1 | 275.5 | 12.3 | 156.1 |
| CXCL10 | 348.8 | 20729.1 | 199.7 | 17803.6 | 1717.4 | 19916.3 |
| Eotaxin | 12.7 | 42.5 | 12.4 | 77.6 | 14.3 | 78.3 |
| LIF | ND | 203.4 | ND | 75.8 | ND | 107.6 |
Data are expressed as chemokine amounts (pg/μg protein) from two independent experiments pooled from three replicate cultures and run in duplicate. ND: not detectable; PIC: polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.