FIG. 7.
Short-shafted vectors induce lower levels of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene transcription after systemic Ad administration. At the indicated times, total liver RNA was purified, and the mRNA levels for proinflammatory genes were analyzed by an RNase protection assay as described in Materials and Methods. Upregulated IL-1α and MIP-2 gene mRNA levels are indicated by arrows. IP-10, interferon gamma-inducible protein-10; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein; TCA-3, T-cell activation gene-3; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.