Table 1.
Characteristics of pre- and postmenopausal Obese Women.
| Parameters | All subjects (pooled) | Premenopausal status | Postmenopausal status | t-test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (n = 91) | Min | Max | Mean (n = 45) | Mean (n = 46) | ||
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | 47.6 ± 5.3 | 6.1 | 294 | 81.4 ± 8.2 | 14.6 ± 0.7 | N/A |
| Age (yrs) | 40 ± 1 | 21 | 69 | 35 ± 1 | 45 ± 2 | P < 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 51.1 ± 0.9 | 37.5 | 78.9 | 51.9 ± 1.4 | 50.3 ± 1.1 | NS |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 146 ± 2 | 119 | 184 | 150 ± 2 | 142 ± 2 | P < 0.05 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 137 ± 2 | 97 | 177 | 136 ± 3 | 138 ± 2 | NS |
| SBP (mmHg) | 136 ± 2 | 109 | 186 | 137 ± 2 | 136 ± 2 | NS |
| DBP (mmHg) | 84.4 ± 1.3 | 43.0 | 113 | 83.3 ± 2.2 | 85.5 ± 1.4 | NS |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 3.7 | 11.6 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 5.7 ± 0.1 | NS |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 3.1 | 7.3 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.1 | NS |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.31 ± 0.03 | 0.61 | 2.26 | 1.24 ± 0.04 | 1.37 ± 0.05 | P < 0.05 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 1.0 | 4.9 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | NS |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.6 | 4.5 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | NS |
| Apo B (g/L) | 0.84 ± 0.05 | 0.27 | 2.27 | 0.64 ± 0.04 | 1.04 ± 0.07 | P < 0.001 |
| Apo A1 (g/L) | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 0.06 | 1.95 | 0.98 ± 0.04 | 0.79 ± 0.07 | P < 0.05 |
| Apo A1/B | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | P < 0.001 |
| Adiponectin (ug/mL) | 7.5 ± 0.9 | 2.5 | 41.1 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 9.6 ± 1.9 | NS |
| Estrone (pg/mL) | 75 ± 5 | 9 | 267 | 106 ± 7 | 44 ± 4 | P < 0001 |
| SHBG (pg/mL) | 181 ± 12 | 15.2 | 573 | 162 ± 15 | 199 ± 18 | NS |
| Progesterone (ng/mL) | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 0.1 | 6.9 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | P < 0.05 |
| AST (IU/L) | 23.4 ± 1.9 | 12.2 | 123 | 20.5 ± 6.6 | 25.1 ± 18.9 | NS |
| GGT (IU/L) | 40.3 ± 6.8 | 10.1 | 382 | 39.1 ± 75.2 | 40.9 ± 33.7 | NS |
| ALP (IU/L) | 95.5 ± 3.8 | 49.0 | 210 | 99.9 ± 28.8 | 92.7 ± 29.8 | NS |
| ALT (IU/L) | 25.5 ± 1.5 | 2.0 | 61.0 | 23.8 ± 11.3 | 26.6 ± 12.6 | NS |
Estradiol was measured in the 252 severely obese women evaluated, and subjects in the lowest quartile (<25th percentile, n = 46 postmenopausal) and highest quartile (>75th percentile, n = 45 premenopausal) were selected for further evaluation of plasma and liver tissue and were compared by t-test. Apo: apolipoprotein; ALT: alanine transaminase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; AST: aspartate transaminase; BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin; SBP: systolic blood pressure. P < 0.05 is considered significant.