Table 3.
Prevalence Estimates (95% CI) and 2020 Projections of Poor, Intermediate, and Ideal Levels of Cardiovascular Health Components for US Women: NHANES (1988 –2008)
| NHANES III (1988 –1994) |
2007–2008 | β (SE) | P | R2 | 2020 Projection (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking | ||||||
| Poor | 25.3 (22.6–27.8) | 19.9 (16.0–23.8) | −0.33 (0.05) | <0.01 | 0.90 | 15.9 (11.6–20.6) |
| Intermediate | 1.2 (0.6–2.0) | 2.7 (1.4–4.0) | 0.11‡ (0.02) | <0.01 | 0.90 | 4.2 (2.3–6.3) |
| Ideal | 73.5 (70.6–76.2) | 77.4 (73.1–81.6) | 0.22 (0.05) | <0.01 | 0.85 | 79.9 (76.0–83.6) |
| Healthy diet* | ||||||
| Poor | 71.2 (66.4–75.9) | 70.7 (67.0–74.3) | 0.03§ (0.19) | 0.86 | 0.01 | 71.2 (58.8–83.6) |
| Intermediate | 27.8 (23.2–32.6) | 27.9 (24.5–31.3) | −0.08§ (0.17) | 0.67 | 0.07 | 26.9 (14.9–38.9) |
| Ideal | 0.90 (0.01–1.85) | 1.4 (0.4–0.4) | 0.04‡ (0.02) | 0.09 | 0.67 | 1.9 (0.8–2.8) |
| Physical activity† | ||||||
| Poor | 42.2 (37.1–47.4) | 31.7 (26.6–36.7) | −1.70§ (0.47) | 0.07 | 0.87 | 4.8 (0–41.0) |
| Intermediate | 20.4 (14.8–25.9) | 25.3 (21.3–29.4) | 0.76§ (0.41) | 0.21 | 0.64 | 40.2 (7.4–73.0) |
| Ideal | 37.4 (30.5–44.3) | 43.0 (38.1–47.8) | 0.77§ (0.26) | 0.09 | 0.82 | 55.0 (35.5–74.6) |
| Body weight | ||||||
| Poor | 25.2 (22.2–27.5) | 34.1 (29.6–38.6) | 0.63 (0.09) | <0.01 | 0.92 | 42.2 (33.3–51.0) |
| Intermediate | 25.8 (23.5–28.1) | 29.2 (25.0–38.6) | 0.15§ (0.10) | 0.22 | 0.34 | 29.9 (20.9–38.9) |
| Ideal | 49.0 (46.2–52.4) | 36.7 (32.5–40.9) | −0.78 (0.13) | <0.01 | 0.90 | 27.9 (15.5–40.3) |
| Glucose/diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| Poor | 4.6 (3.3–5.8) | 6.3 (3.8–8.8) | 0.10‡§ (0.05) | 0.11 | 0.50 | 8.3 (2.2–14.4) |
| Intermediate | 16.5 (14.0–18.8) | 36.6 (30.9–42.2) | 0.91 (0.24) | 0.02 | 0.78 | 44.3 (21.9–66.8) |
| Ideal | 78.9 (76.2–81.8) | 57.1 (51.2–63.1) | −1.07 (0.25) | 0.01 | 0.82 | 47.4 (24.2–70.5) |
| Cholesterol | ||||||
| Poor | 21.1 (18.6–23.5) | 14.9 (11.7–18.0) | −0.40 (0.06) | <0.01 | 0.92 | 10.0 (5.3–14.8) |
| Intermediate | 31.3 (28.1–34.0) | 39.0 (35.8–42.3) | 0.48 (0.08) | <0.01 | 0.90 | 44.5 (37.8–51.1) |
| Ideal | 46.1 (44.8–50.9) | 47.6 (42.2–50.0) | −0.08§ (0.08) | 0.36 | 0.21 | 45.5 (39.2–52.0) |
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| Poor | 16.9 (14.8–19.0) | 12.8 (10.3–15.4) | −0.21§ (0.14) | 0.22 | 0.34 | 11.7 (0–23.8) |
| Intermediate | 30.2 (27.5–32.6) | 35.9 (31.6–40.3) | 0.33 (0.06) | <0.01 | 0.85 | 39.4 (33.9–44.8) |
| Ideal | 52.9 (50.6–55.5) | 51.2 (47.3–55.2) | −0.18§ (0.12) | 0.20 | 0.36 | 48.9 (36.7–61.0) |
CI indicates confidence interval; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
*
NHANES III data replaced with NHANES 1999–2000 data, given different methods used.
†
NHANES III and NHANES 2007–2008 data replaced with NHANES 1999–2000 and 2005–2006 data, respectively, given different methods used.
‡
Coefficient of variation >0.3.
§
P>0.05 for the null hypothesis that β = 0; all others, P<0.05.