FIG. 6.
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and expression of genes/proteins regulating lipid homeostasis in Ckm-ATGL mice. A: FA oxidation (♂, 28 weeks, fasted 12 h, red gastrocnemius; n = 5–8/group). B: Mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized muscle fibers (♂, 34 weeks, fasted 12 h, extensor digitorum longus; n = 3–6/group). C: Expression of oxidative phosphorylation proteins in complexes I–V (♂, 34 weeks, fasted 12 h, tibialis anterior; n = 4–7/group). Data are normalized to protein expression of β-actin. D: TEM of skeletal muscle (♂, 34 weeks, fasted 12 h, red quadriceps, representative images). mRNA expression of PPARα/PGC1α and their target genes (E) and genes for lipid breakdown (lipolysis), uptake, and synthesis as well as lipid droplet–associated proteins (LDAPs) of the Plin family (F) relative to cyclophilin control with expression in WT-chow normalized to 1 (♂, 34 weeks, tibialis anterior; n = 7–21/group). G: Protein expression of total HSL normalized to Ran GTPase (RAN) control (left), phosphorylated HSL normalized to total HSL (middle), and representative immunoblots (right) (♂, 34 weeks, tibialis anterior; n = 5–7/group). For mRNA and protein expression, samples were confirmed to have low or no expression of Plin1, thereby confirming absence of significant fat contamination. For overall effects having P < 0.05: D, diet; G, genotype.