Table 3.
Two systems
| Planning System | Habit System | |
|---|---|---|
| Literature | ||
| Animal navigation | Cognitive map | Route, taxon, response |
| Animal behavior | S-O, S-A-O, A-O | S-A, S-R |
| Memory systems | Cognitive | Habit |
| Learning and memory | Episodic (declarative) | Procedural |
| Cognition | Explicit | Implicit |
| Machine learning | Forward-search | Action-caching |
| Properties | ||
| Flexibility | Flexible | Rigid |
| Execution speed | Slow | Fast |
| Learning speed | Quick | Slow |
| Devaluation? | Yes | No |
| Key Anatomical Structures | ||
| Striatum | Ventral, dorsomedial striatum (accumbens, head of the caudate) | Dorsolateral striatum (caudate, putamen) |
| Frontal cortex | Prelimbic, orbitofrontal cortex | Infralimbic, other components? |
| Hippocampal involvement | Hippocampus (yes) | ——— (no) |
| Dopaminergic inputs | Ventral tegmental area | Substantia nigra pars compacta |