Table 1.
Characteristics of butyrate-producing bacteria isolated from the swine intestine
| Strain (origin)a | Isolation mediumb | Butyrate production |
Butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase |
Closest related species (16S rRNA % identity; accession no.)e | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediumb | Concn (mM)c | Sp actd | PCR assay | |||
| 27-5-10 (P Ce M) | HM | PYM1 | 9.0 ± 0.2 | 1.98 ± 0.02 | Pos | Flavonifractor plautii 265T (95; Y18187) |
| 35-6-1 (P Co M) | HM | PYGM1 | 6.8 ± 0.0 | 4.35 ± 0.10 | Neg | Peptoniphilus gorbachii Wal 10418T (97; DQ911241) |
| 68-3-10 (P Co C) | HM | M2GSC | 7.4 ± 0.0 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | Neg | Eubacterium nodatum VPI D6 A-5T (93; Z36274) |
| 984a (P F) | DRFp | PYGM2 | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 1.07 ± 0.02 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 813a (P F) | DRFp | PYGM2 | 4.7 ± 0.6 | 1.30 ± 0.05 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 702 (P F) | DRFp | DRF7-4X | 7.1 ± 0.2f | 2.50 ± 0.05 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 1161 (P F) | DRFla | DRFla | 11.0 ± 4.5f | 4.79 ± 0.41 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 1123 (P F) | DRFla | DRFla | 9.5 ± 0.5f | 1.92 ± 0.02 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 739a (P F) | DRFla | DRFla | 8.7 ± 1.9f | 4.18 ± 0.02 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 655a (P F) | DRFla | DRFla | 11.8 ± 3.7f | 1.93 ± 0.25 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 653a (P F) | DRFla | DRFla | 13.6 ± 2.6f | 3.91 ± 0.09 | Neg | Megasphaera elsdenii LC-1T (99; NR_029207) |
| 992a (P F) | DRF7 | DRF7-4X | 10.3 ± 0.3f | 4.32 ± 0.07 | Pos | Eubacterium hadrum VPI 82-52T (94; FR749934) |
| 494a (S F) | DRF7 | DRF7-2X | 9.0 ± 0.3f | 2.42 ± 0.09 | Pos | Eubacterium hadrum VPI 82-52T (96; FR749934) |
| 831b (P F) | DRF7 | DRF7-2X | 8.0 ± 0.1f | 7.77 ± 0.55 | Pos | Roseburia faecis M72/1T (97; AY305310) |
| 499 (S F) | DRF7 | DRF7-2X | 2.7 ± 0.1f | 3.37 ± 0.04 | Pos | Roseburia hominis A2-183T (95; AJ270482) |
P, postweaning pig, 3 to 15 weeks old; S, adult sow; Ce, cecum; Co, colon; F, feces; M, intestinal mucosa; C, intestinal compartment contents.
DRF, depleted rumen fluid medium (9). Media (1 liter) derived from DRF included DRFla (lactate and acetate, 2.5 g each), DRFp (Casamino Acids and Bacto tryptone, 2.5 g each), DRF7 (d-fructose, maltose, d-glucose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, d-ribose, cellobiose, l-arabinose, 0.25 g each). DRF7-2X and DRF7-4X contained, respectively, 2 and 4 times the concentrations of carbohydrates of DRF7. PYGM1 and PYGM2 have been described elsewhere (8). PYM1 is PYGM1 lacking glucose. M2GSC was modified from Miyazaki et al.'s formulation (10) to contain 300 ml depleted rumen fluid and 0.5 g l-cysteine/liter (29). HM medium has been described elsewhere (11).
Triplicate cultures were analyzed.
Expressed as μmoles/min/mg protein.
All are type strains of the species.
Strains also consuming acetate.