FIGURE 4.

Exogenous Wnt5a evokes the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the SDH. The time courses of IL-1β (A), IL-6 (B), and TNF-α (C) protein dynamics after i.t. Wnt5a (20 ng). In summary graphs, the levels of target proteins were normalized against β-actin and presented as relative units to 0 h. Data are expressed as means ± S.E. from at least three independent experiments with at least three animals. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01 versus 0 h (one way ANOVA).