Table 2.
Meta-analysis of correlations between DSM-IV ADHD symptom dimensions and measures of functional impairment
| DSM-IV Symptom Dimension |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samplesa | Inattention | Hyp - Imp | Difference between dimensionsd |
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|
| |||||
| Construct | kb | Total N | r [95% CI]c | r [95% CI]c | |
| Overall and adaptive functioning | |||||
| Global functioning | 7 | 11,142 | .47 [.40, .53]*e | .46 [.36, .55]*e | ns |
| Adaptive functioning | 5 | 2,227 | .49 [.43, .55]* | .37 [.33, .41]* | Inatt > Hyp-imp |
| Social functioning | |||||
| Overall social problems | 18 | 10,790 | .39 [.34, .44]*e | .38 [.33, .43]*e | ns |
| Disliked by peers | 3 | 6,747 | .30 [.27, .33]* | .37 [.34, .39]* | Hyp-Imp > Inatt |
| Passive / isolated | 5 | 7,672 | .37 [.33, .41]* | .18 [.15, .20]* | Inatt > Hyp-imp |
| Social skills / prosocial | 10 | 8,767 | .43 [.39, .47]* | .28 [.20, .35]*e | Inatt > Hyp-Imp |
| Academic functioning | |||||
| Academic rating scales | 20 | 21,986 | .54 [.49, .59]*e | .28 [.25, .31]*e | Inatt > Hyp-Imp |
| Achievement tests | 11 | 10,670 | .33 [.26, .39]*e | .16 [.12, .19]* | Inatt > Hyp-Imp |
a
Note.Supplement Table 7 provides the complete list of effect sizes and a summary of tests for publication bias and heterogeneity among the effects.
b
k = number of effect sizes included in the summary statistic.
c
Overall weighted correlation based on a random-effects model (DerSimonian & Laird, 1986). Correlations from each individual study were reverse-scored if necessary so that positive correlations indicate that elevations on the symptom dimension are associated with greater impairment.
d
Weighted correlations are significantly different (p < .05).
e
significant heterogeneity among the effects (see Supplement Table 7)
*
= p < .05