Table 2.
Insulin resistance, anthropometric measurements, and reported dietary intake among 117 survivors of childhood leukemia, by gender and history of treatment with cranial radiotherapy (CRT).
| Whole Cohort | P | Women N= 65 | P | Men N=52 | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRT | No CRT | CRT | No CRT | CRT | No CRT | ||||
| Number | 40 | 77 | 25 | 40 | 15 | 37 | |||
| Glucose (mg/dl; mean, SD) | 95.7 (23.0) | 89.3 (7.3) | 0.02 | 96.5 (28.7) | 87.4 (6.8) | 0.02 | 94.3 (7.9) | 91.5 (7.4) | 0.2 |
| Insulin (μU/ml; mean, SD) | 22.1 (12.4) | 16.4 (8.1) | 0.008 | 23.0 (11.1) | 16.4 (8.2) | 0.006 | 20.5 (14.5) | 16.4 (8.0) | 0.5 |
| HOMA-IR* (mean, SD) | 5.28 (5.3) | 3.67 (2.0) | 0.005 | 5.53 (3.1) | 3.60 (3.6) | 0.003 | 4.8 (3.6) | 3.7 (2.0) | 0.5 |
| Total body fat kg; mean, SD) | 29.2 (13.0) | 22.1 (12.0) | 0.002 | 32.5 (13.1) | 26.0 (12.7) | 0.02 | 23.9 (11.4) | 18.0 (9.9) | 0.05 |
| Lean body mass (kg; mean, SD) | 47.8 (12.4) | 52.7 (11.0) | 0.04 | 42.2 (9.5) | 44.6 (6.5) | 0.2 | 56.9 (11.1) | 60.9 (8.20 | 0.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2; mean, SD) | 30.2 (8.2) | 26.7(6.0) | 0.008 | 31.6 (8.5) | 27.2 (7.1) | 0.01 | 27.8 (7.5) | 26.2 (4.5) | 0.5 |
| Waist circumference (cm; mean, SD) | 95.8 (16.1) | 89.2 (13.6) | 0.03 | 96.4 (16.3) | 89.1 (15.1) | 0.07 | 94.6 (16.3) | 89.2 (12.1) | 0.2 |
| Physical activity (kcal/kg/day; mean, SD) | 10.7 (8.5) | 12.2 (8.3) | 0.3 | 9.8 (6.6) | 8.0 (4.3) | 0.4 | 12.3 (11.1) | 16.8 (9.2) | 0.03 |
| Total daily kilocalories (mean, SD**) | 1936 (929) | 1893 (1030) | 0.8 | 1973 (1120) | 1588 (601) | 0.3 | 1876 (494) | 2223 (1277) | 0.6 |
| Total daily carbohydrates (grams; mean, SD) | 255 (141) | 232 (143) | 0.2 | 262(172) | 191 (83) | 0.1 | 244 (65) | 276 (179) | 0.9 |
| Total daily fat (grams; mean, SD) | 67 (34.0) | 69 (38.2) | 0.9 | 67.7 (39.5) | 59.2 (25.1) | 0.7 | 66.6 (23.6) | 79.7 (46.6) | 0.6 |
| Total daily protein (grams; mean, SD) | 83.6 (48.6) | 82.5 (42.5) | 0.9 | 87.9 (58.2) | 71.5 (27.2) | 0.4 | 76.4 (26.3) | 94.4 (52.2) | 0.3 |
| Daily vegetable intake (median servings)† | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | 0.5 | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | 0.09 | 1 to 3 | 1 to 3 | 0.3 |
| Daily fruit intake (median servings)† | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.02 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.5 |
| Daily dairy intake (median servings)† | 0 to 0.5 | 0 to 0.5 | 0.06 | 0 to 0.5 | 0 to 0.5 | 0.3 | 0 to 0.5 | 0 to 0.5 | 0.1 |
| Daily whole grain intake (median servings)† | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0.9 | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0.9 | 0.5 to 1 | <0.5 | 0.6 |
| Daily fish intake (median servings)† | <0.2 | <0.2 | 0.8 | <0.2 | <0.2 | 0.7 | <0.2 | <0.2 | 0.9 |
| Ratio of monounsaturated: saturated fat | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.9 |
| Daily meat intake (median servings)† | 0.5 to 1 | 0.5 to 1 | 0.9 | 0.5 to 1 | 0.5 to 1 | 0.2 | 0.3 to 1 | 0.5 to 1 | 0.2 |
| Weekly alcohol intake (median drinks)†,†† | 1 | 2 to 4 | 0.3 | 0 to 1 | 0 to 1 | 0.8 | 5 to 6 | 7 | 0.2 |
| Mediterranean diet score (median, SD) | 4.5 | 4 | 0.9 | 5 | 4.5 | 0.6 | 4 | 4 | 0.5 |
*
HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model of insulin resistance
**
SD: standard deviation
†
Median of categorical response options
††
Age over 21 years only