Table 4.
Conditional knockout models.
| Model | Year | Other tissues affected | Highest stage of neoplasia | Castration resistance | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSACreNkx3.1flox | 2002 | None | PIN | Not determined | [176] |
| PSACrePtenflox | 2005 | None | Infrequent LN metastasis | No | [177] |
| PBCre4Ptenflox | 2003 | None | LN & lung metastasis | Yes | [178, 179] |
| PBCreRbflox | 2004 | None | Hyperplasia | Not determined | [180, 181] |
| PBCre4LSL-Ph15LO-1 (FLiMP) | 2006 | None | PIN | Not determined | [182] |
| PBCre4p53floxRbflox | 2006 | None | LN, lung, liver & adrenal glands metastasis | Yes | [180, 181] |
| PBCre4Apcflox | 2007 | None | Adenocarcinoma | Yes | [183] |
| PBCre4IGF-1flox | 2008 | None | Hyperplasia | No | [184] |
| PBCre4Catnblox(ex3); K-rasLSLV12 | 2009 | Bulbourethral gland, preputial gland, and urethral gland metaplasias, testes | Adenocarcinoma | Putative | [185] |
| PBCre4Catnblox(ex3) & Nkx3.1CreCatnblox(ex3) | 2009 | None | HGPIN | Yes | [186] |
| PBCre4Brca2floxp53flox | 2010 | None | HGPIN | Yes | [187] |
| MMTVCreCatnblox(ex3) | 2003 | Skin, salivary glands, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, spleen, mammary tissue | Hyperplasia & metaplasia | No | [188] |
| MMTVCrePtenflox | 2004 | Mammary tissue, skin, lymphocytes, oocytes, seminal vesicles, salivary glands | HGPIN | No | [189] |
| FSP1CreTGFβflox | 2004 | Fibroblasts, particularly in skin and stomach | PIN | Not determined | [190] |
| Nkx3.1CreERT2Ptenflox | 2009 | Unknown | Adenocarcinoma | Yes | [16] |