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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Invest Dermatol. 2011 Aug 18;132(1):135–143. doi: 10.1038/jid.2011.259

Figure 2. LL-37 induces TLR9 expression in keratinocytes.

Figure 2

(a–d) NHEKs were treated with LL-37 (0.1 – 10 μM) or cytokines for 3 – 48 h, and then TLRs mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR. Data are mean ± SEM of triplicate samples and representative of three independent experiments. ***: P < 0.001. (e–g) TLR9 protein expression was examined by immunofluorescence, and nuclei were visualized with DAPI. Scale bar = 100 μm.