Table 3.
Weighted BMI Parameter Estimates (t ratios in parentheses)
| Males | Females | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent Variables | OLS Model | Instrumental Variables Model | Reduced Form Modela | OLS Model | Instrumental Variables Model | Reduced Form Modela |
| Intercept | 30.23 (54.86)** | 33.22 (16.84)** | 38.30 (21.38)** | 29.98 (46.18)** | 30.00 (11.74)** | 35.40 (18.02)** |
| Primary Eating Timea | -.03 (-2.10)** | -0.74 (-2.42)** | -.03 (-2.30)** | -0.66 (-2.46)** | ||
| Secondary Eating Timea | -.02 (-3.56)** | -0.96 (-3.06)** | -.03 (-4.40)** | -0.37 (-2.28)* | ||
| Secondary Drinking Timea | .01 (2.49)** | 2.14 (1.87)* | .01 (2.32)** | 0.36 (1.81)* | ||
| Food Preparation Timea | -.05 (-3.07)** | 0.04 (.35) | -.03 (-2.57)** | -0.17 (-2.75)** | ||
| Physically Active Timea | -.01 (-2.11)** | 0.02 (.58) | -.02 (-3.88)** | 0.37 (.49) | ||
| Sleep Timea | -.02 (-4.36)** | -0.14 (-2.48)** | -.00 (0.40) | -0.04 (-.47) | ||
| Television/Video Timea | .01 (3.50)** | 0.18 (4.23)** | .03 (5.30)** | 0.19 (2.05)** | ||
| Age | .01 (1.57) | 0.00 (.10) | .09 (5.39)** | .03 (5.10)** | 0.05 (2.80)** | .07 (4.36)** |
| Black | .18 (.92) | -1.56 (-2.38)** | .01 (.06) | 2.42 (12.17)** | 1.24 (3.45)* | 2.35 (11.57)** |
| Hispanic | .09 (.51) | 0.37 (1.80)* | -.18 (-.94) | .76 (3.65)** | 1.52 (5.77)** | .76 (3.52)** |
| Other | -1.04 (-3.80)** | -0.67 (-2.19)** | -.72 (-2.57)** | -.64 (-2.30)** | 0.69 (1.84)* | -.51 (-1.77)* |
| Married/Cohabitating | .69 (4.87)** | 1.14 (4.54)** | .22 (1.18) | -.45 (-3.10)** | 0.27 (1.04) | -.74 (-4.57)** |
| Education | -.17 (-6.89)** | 0.18 (2.06)** | -.06 (-1.21) | -.34 (-12.22)** | -0.09 (-1.18) | -.23 (-4.54)** |
| Employed | .47 (2.72)** | 1.25 (4.72)** | .44 (2.62)** | .23 (1.52) | 0.35 (.64) | .16 (1.07) |
| Poor Health | 2.21 (12.73)** | 1.39 (4.83)** | 2.27 (13.10)** | 3.04 (16.03)** | 2.31 (8.60)** | 3.15 (16.61)** |
| Occupation with METs > 3.3 | -.54 (-3.08)** | -0.43 (-.69) | -.75 (-4.88)** | --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Kids < Age 6 | -.07 (-.72) | 0.25 (1.92)* | -.24 (-2.24)** | -.04 (-.36) | 0.34 (1.87)* | -.08 (-.70) |
| Number of Kids Age 6-17 | .04 (.69) | 0.04 (.53) | .07 (1.10) | .00 (.05) | 0.15 (1.00) | .02 (.33) |
| Weekend | .06 (.52) | -.04 (-.27) | ||||
| Primary Meal Preparer | -.07 (-.46) | -.71 (-3.73)** | ||||
| Primary Grocery Shopper | .19 (1.35) | .22 (.94) | ||||
| Summer | .24 (1.82)* | .10 (.69) | ||||
| ATUS07 | .05 (.45) | -.00 (-.00) | ||||
| Grocery Price Index | -.03 (-4.69)** | -.03 (-4.50)** | ||||
| Hourly Opportunity Cost of Time | -.06 (-2.89)** | -.07 (-2.75)** | ||||
| Ln(Non-Wage Income) | -1.34 (-4.68)** | -.55 (-1.75)** | ||||
| Adjusted R2 | .05 | .05 | .05 | .11 | .11 | .11 |
| F-Statistic | 23.47** | 21.92** | 22.19** | 67.53** | 65.34** | 62.22** |
*p < .10, **p < .05
a Time use is measured in 10 minute increments.