Table 4.
Causes of Death since study inception (1984)
| Runners Club Members | Community Controls | Rate Ratio | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cause of Death (N) | # Deaths | Rate* | # Deaths | Rate* | Controls/Runners | p value |
| Total (225) | 81 | 810 | 144 | 1,999 | 2.5 | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular (72) | 29 | 290 | 43 | 597 | 2.1 | 0.001 |
| Coronary Artery Disease/MI (38) | 14 | 140 | 25 | 347 | 2.5 | 0.003 |
| Stroke (10) | 3 | 30 | 7 | 97 | 3.2 | 0.043 |
| Congestive heart failure (4) | 2 | 20 | 2 | 28 | 1.4 | 0.38 |
| Cancer (n=71) | 30 | 300 | 41 | 569 | 1.9 | 0.004 |
| Prostate (7)† | 4 | 40 | 3 | 42 | 1 | 0.28 |
| Lung (14) | 5 | 50 | 9 | 125 | 2.5 | 0.051 |
| Colon (10) | 4 | 40 | 6 | 83 | 2.1 | 0.13 |
| Breast (4)‡ | 1 | 10 | 3 | 42 | 4.2 | 0.38 |
| Hematologic (11) | 6 | 60 | 5 | 69 | 1.2 | 0.41 |
| Esophageal (3) | 1 | 10 | 2 | 28 | 2.8 | 0.23 |
| Pancreas (3) | 1 | 10 | 2 | 28 | 2.8 | 0.23 |
| Other (19) | 8 | 80 | 11 | 153 | 2 | 0.085 |
| Neurological (20) | 6 | 60 | 14 | 194 | 3.2 | 0.007 |
| Infections (16) | 1 | 10 | 15 | 208 | 20.8 | <0.001 |
| Pneumonia (9) | 0 | 0 | 9 | - | - | - |
| Other (39) | 11 | 110 | 28 | 389 | 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Unknown (7) | 4 | 40 | 3 | 42 | 1 | 0.47 |
*
Expressed per 100,000 person-years
†
Male subjects only
‡
Female subjects only