Figure 5. ETTM cells are highly migratory, invasive and tumorigenic.
A) top, photomicrograph of MMC and ETTM cells migrated and invaded through matrigel coated or uncoated trans well inserts. A) bottom, quantification of migrated and invaded cells showing statistically significant differences between MMC and ETTM cells. B,C) Mean (± s.e.m., n=5) tumor sizes over time (days) following implantation of 100,000 MMC, MMCTTand ETTMcells as wellas serial dilution of ETTM cells showing high tumorigenicity of ETTM cells and the ability to form tumors at 100 cells. The inset fraction represents the number of mice with tumors in this experiment. For both the 10,000 and 1000 cell doses, the variability was so minor that the error bars are obscured by the symobols D, E) Gene expression analysis of metastases, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes showing differential regulation of metal loproteases and adhesion genes such as Mmp13, Mmp9, Mmp3, Cdh1, cdh66 andCdh11. *=p<0.05. Error bars represent SD of two independent experiments.