Figure 2. Effect of frequency in Europe on the occurrence of an allele in other regions.
The figure illustrates that alleles that are more common in one group, in this case Europeans, are more likely to be present in other groups. It also shows that populations that are geographically closer to Europe, such as populations of the Middle East, tend to have more alleles shared with Europeans than more geographically distant populations, such as those of Oceania. The figure is based on the SNP data underlying Figure S21 of Jakobsson et al. 43, which uses 512,762 autosomal SNPs in indigenous populations from the Human Genome Diversity Panel140, and which standardizes sample sizes across groups by evaluating allele frequencies in samples of size 40.