Table 1.
Selected characteristics of head and neck cancer cases and controls
| Cases | Controls | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |
| TOTAL | 11221 | 16168 | ||
| Study | ||||
| Milan | 416 | 3.7 | 1531 | 9.5 |
| Aviano | 482 | 4.3 | 855 | 5.3 |
| Italy Multicenter | 1058 | 9.4 | 2579 | 16.0 |
| Switzerland | 516 | 4.6 | 883 | 5.5 |
| Central Europe Multicenter | 762 | 6.8 | 907 | 5.6 |
| Rome | 275 | 2.5 | 294 | 1.8 |
| New York Multicenter | 1118 | 10.0 | 906 | 5.6 |
| Seattle | 407 | 3.6 | 607 | 3.8 |
| Iowa | 546 | 4.9 | 759 | 4.7 |
| North Carolina | 180 | 1.6 | 202 | 1.2 |
| Tampa | 207 | 1.8 | 897 | 5.5 |
| Los Angeles | 417 | 3.7 | 1005 | 6.2 |
| Texas | 829 | 7.4 | 865 | 5.4 |
| Boston | 584 | 5.2 | 659 | 4.1 |
| Puerto Rico | 350 | 3.1 | 521 | 3.2 |
| Latin America Multicenter | 2191 | 19.5 | 1706 | 10.6 |
| IARC Multicenter1 | 883 | 7.9 | 992 | 6.1 |
| Age | ||||
| <40 | 415 | 3.7 | 1023 | 6.3 |
| 40–44 | 629 | 5.6 | 1151 | 7.1 |
| 45–49 | 1223 | 10.9 | 1800 | 11.1 |
| 50–54 | 1714 | 15.3 | 2487 | 15.4 |
| 55–59 | 2096 | 18.7 | 2801 | 17.3 |
| 60–64 | 1901 | 16.9 | 2531 | 15.7 |
| 65–69 | 1555 | 13.9 | 2064 | 12.8 |
| 70–74 | 1024 | 9.1 | 1517 | 9.4 |
| ≥75 | 664 | 5.9 | 794 | 4.9 |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | 2256 | 20.1 | 4557 | 28.2 |
| Men | 8965 | 79.9 | 11611 | 71.8 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 8272 | 73.7 | 13358 | 82.6 |
| Black | 403 | 3.6 | 485 | 3.0 |
| Hispanic | 164 | 1.5 | 350 | 2.2 |
| Asian/Pacific Islanders | 53 | 0.5 | 86 | 0.5 |
| Other | 138 | 1.2 | 183 | 1.1 |
| Latin American | 2191 | 19.5 | 1706 | 10.6 |
| Education | ||||
| None | 93 | 0.8 | 106 | 0.7 |
| <Junior high school | 4347 | 38.7 | 6169 | 38.2 |
| Some high school | 1576 | 14.0 | 1784 | 11.0 |
| High School Graduate | 1765 | 15.7 | 2163 | 13.4 |
| Vocational, some college | 1368 | 12.2 | 2514 | 15.5 |
| ≥College | 1417 | 12.6 | 2888 | 17.9 |
| Missing | 655 | 5.8 | 544 | 3.4 |
| Subtype | ||||
| Oral | 2993 | 26.7 | ||
| Pharynx | 4040 | 36.0 | ||
| Oral/Pharynx NOS | 917 | 8.2 | ||
| Larynx | 2965 | 26.4 | ||
| H&N NOS | 306 | 2.7 | ||
1
We excluded the Sudan (100 cases and 102 controls) and India (576 cases and 582 controls) centers of the International Multicenter study because the Asia and Africa regions are not well represented for estimation of population attributable risks.
2
Information on ethnicity was not collected in the Central Europe and Latin America studies. In the Central Europe study, all subjects were classified as non-Hispanic White, since the large majority of these populations are expected to be White. In the Latin American study, we categorized subjects as Latin American.