FIG. 1.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces intracellular Ca2+ elevations that precede and are simultaneous with IBDNF activation. A: representative example of BDNF-evoked Ca2+ signals in the presence of TTX, Cd2+ and d,l-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (d,l-APV). These Ca2+ elevations included a transient and localized dendritic signal during BDNF application (—) and a secondary widespread elevation associated with IBDNF. The initial Ca2+ transient (*) is shown in B at an expanded time scale. B: expanded view of the initial Ca2+ elevation that preceded IBDNF. Here and in the other figures, the fluorescence images (360 nm excitation) show the color-coded regions of interest (ROIs) plotted with the simultaneously recorded membrane currents.