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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2009 May 17;66(5):451–459. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.03.024

Table-3.

Post Hoc Effective Connectivity in Happy and Sad Experiments

BD vs MDD
 BD vs HC
 MDD vs HC
Mann-Whitney U P value Cohen's d effect size Mann-Whitney U p value Cohen's d effect size Mann-Whitney U p value Cohen's d effect size
HAPPY Experiment
Left-sided Top-down OMPFC-amygdala EC 83.0 0.14 0.67 52.0 0.007** 0.65 52.0 0.004** 0.95
Right-sided Bottom-up amygdala-OMPFC EC 64.0 0.027* 0.42 42.0 0.002** 1.20 110.0 0.5 0.37
SAD Experiment
Left-sided Top-down OMPFC-amygdala EC 108.5 0.65 0.42 55.5 0.011** 0.42 61.5 0.012** 0.31

OMPFC: orbitomedial prefrontal cortex; HC: healthy control participants; MDD major depression disorder patients in depressed episode; BD: bipolar disorder patients in depressed episode;p value does not survive correction for multiple tests

*

p value does not survive correction for multiple tests

**

p value survives correction for multiple tests