Fig. 2.
‘Novelty anticipation’ response: Hemodynamic activity for cues predicting novel pictures vs. cues predicting familiar pictures. (A) Cluster of activation in right SN/VTA. (B) Estimated percent signal change of the hemodynamic response for the two cues (light grey) and four outcome categories (dark grey). Talairach coordinates: [4, − 22, − 12]; error bars indicate SEM. (C) Clusters of activation in bilateral hippocampus. (D) Signal change for the two cues (light grey) and four outcome categories (dark grey). Talairach coordinates: [28, − 10, − 8]; error bars indicate SEM; (A, C) p < 0.005 (uncorrected); p < 0.05 (SVC); cluster size > 5 voxels. (B, D) NC—novelty cue, FC—familiarity cue, EF—expected familiar outcome, UF—unexpected familiar outcome, EN—expected novel outcome, UN—unexpected novel outcome. (B, D) Note that our experimental design did not allow efficient estimation of baseline activity, and thus the absolute values of the parameter estimates are poorly estimated (i.e. the value of 0 on the y axis is somewhat arbitrary), although the differences between parameters are well estimated (Josephs and Henson, 1999).