Fig. 3.
Chronic insulin exposure stimulates basal lipolysis on amino acid deprivation. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated in plain DMEM overnight and then stimulated with 10 nM insulin with or without 100 nM rapamycin, either in normal DMEM or amino acid (aa)-free DMEM for 8 h, followed by glycerol release (A) and NEFA release (B) assays. Assay results are shown as the average of 3 independent experiments, with error bars representing SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with control by Student's t-test. C: adipocytes treated as in A and B were subjected to Western blot analysis.